Concentration of solutions Flashcards
What is a solute?
A chemical that dissolves in a solvent.
What is a solvent?
A substance which dissolves stuff to form a solution, normally water.
What is the concentration?
The mass or amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solvent.
Tells us how crowded the solute particles are
Unit of concentration
g/dm³ or mol/dm³
How can we find the concentration with the mass?
Mass of solute (g)
———————————— = g/dm³
Volume of solvent (dm³)
How to convert cm³ to dm³?
Cm³ —-(divide by 1000)-—> Dm³
How can we find the concentration with the number of moles?
Number of moles
————————— = mol/dm³
Volume (dm³)
Molar volume of gases
One mole of any gas has a volume of 24dm³
How to find the number of moles in a gas?
Volume of gas at rtp (dm³)
——————————————
24dm ³
What does a concentrated solution mean?
It has more solute particles and less solvent particles
How to go from mol/dm3 to g/dm3?
Multiply the concentration in mol/dm3 by the relative formula mass
What does a dilute solution mean?
It has less solute particles and more solvent particles
How can we increase the concentration?
> Dissolve more solute particles in the same volume of solvent
Evaporate some solvent particles so the volume of the solvent decreases so there’s more solute particles
