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PHYPHARM > COMPLEXATION > Flashcards

COMPLEXATION Flashcards

1
Q

result from a donor-acceptor mechanism or Lewis acid-base reaction

A

complex or coordiantion compounds

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2
Q

non metal / ionic compound

A

electron DONOR

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3
Q

metal / neutral atom

A

electron ACCEPTOR

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4
Q

Lewis acid + Lewis base reaction

A

complexation

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5
Q

types of complexation

A

metal-ion
organic molecular
inclusion/occlusion

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6
Q

TYPES OF COMPLEXATION

  1. inorganic
  2. chelate
A

Metal ion complexes

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7
Q

METAL ION COMPLEX

contains 2 or more donor groups combined with a metal

e.g. chlorophyll, hemoglobin, albumin

A

chelate

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8
Q

METAL ION COMPLEX

EDTA means

A

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

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9
Q

METAL ION COMPLEX

  • a hexadentate
  • can sequester iron and copper
  • complexes with calcium
A

EDTA

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10
Q

METAL ION COMPLEX

EDTA can sequester ____ and ____

A

iron & copper

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11
Q

METAL ION COMPLEX

EDTA complexes with ____

A

Calcium

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12
Q

TYPES OF COMPLEXATION

  • constituents held by weak forces or H-bonds
  • Disulfiram-Iodine Complex
  • Caffeine Complexes
  • Polymer Complexes
A

Organic Molecular Complexes

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13
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

are held by ____ or ____

A

weak forces or H bonds

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14
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES

an ion or molecule attached to a metal by coordinate bonding

A

ligand

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15
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES

makes use of a ligand

A

inorganic complexes

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16
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | INORGANIC COMPLEXES

each ligand donates a ____ to form a coordinate covalent link

A

pair of electrons

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17
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | INORGANIC COMPLEXES

plays an important part in coordination compounds in which sufficient bonding orbitals are not ordinarily available in the metal ion

A

hybridization

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18
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | INORGANIC COMPLEXES

suggested the possibility of hybridization to account for the quadrivalence

A

Paul

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19
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | INORGANIC COMPLEXES

ligands lie ABOVE a partially filled orbital

A

outer-sphere complexes

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20
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | INORGANIC COMPLEXES

ligands lie BELOW a partially filled orbitals

A

inner-sphere complexes

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21
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | CHELATE

came from the greek word

A

kelos, means claw

22
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | CHELATE

when the ligand provides one group for attachment to the central ion the chelate is called

A

monodentate

23
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | CHELATE

Pilocarpine behaves as a

A

monodentate

24
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | CHELATE

molcules with two donor groups

A

bidentate

25
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | CHELATE

molecules with three donor groups

A

tridentate

26
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | CHELATE

two extremely important compounds that are naturally occuring chelates involved in the life processes of plants and animals

A

chlorophyll
hemoglobin

27
Q

METAL ION COMPLEXES | CHELATE

in the process of sequestration, the chelating agent and the metal ion form a ____ compound

A

water soluble

28
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

the difference between complexation and the formation of organic compounds has been shown by

A

Clapp

29
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

resonance makes the main contribution to complexation

A

charge transfer complex

30
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

London dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions contribute more to the stability of the complex

A

donor-acceptor complex

31
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

complexes bound together by van der Waals forces, dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogne bonding but lacking charge transfer are known as

A

molecular complexes

32
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

a form of charge transfer

charge transfer complexes

A

disulfiram-iodine complex

33
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

complexes with anions and organic acids

A

Caffeine complexes

34
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES | CAFFEINE COMPLEXES

with anions

A

more soluble

35
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES | CAFFEINE COMPLEXES

with organic acids

A

less soluble

36
Q

ORGANIC MOLECULAR COMPLEXES

  • PEG, polystyrene, Carboxymethylcellulose
  • povidone iodine (PVP) + aromatic compounds
A

polymer complexes

37
Q

a complex in which one chemical compound (host) forms a cavity in which molecules of second compound (guest) are entrapped

A

inclusion compounds

38
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

also known as

A

occlusion

39
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

results from ____ of the molecules

A

architecture

40
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

a molecule of guest compound gets entrapped within the cagelike structure formed by association of several molecules of host

e,g, WARFARIN SODIUM

A

clathrates

41
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS | CLATHRATES

not involved in this complexes

A

chemical bonds

42
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS | CLATHRATES

are of importance in these complexes

A

molecular size of the encaged component

43
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

host component crystallizes to form a channel-like structure into which guest molecule can fit

e.g. CHOLIC ACID

A

channel lattice complexes

44
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS | CHANNEL LATTICE COMPLEXES

permits the resolution of optical isomers

A

stereospecificity

45
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

entrapment of single guest molecules into the cagelike structure formed from a single host molecule

e.g. CYCLODEXTRIN

A

monomolecular inclusion compounds

46
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS | MONOMOLECULAR INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

  • cyclic oligomers of glucose that can form water-soluble inclusion complexes with small molecules and portion of large compounds
  • do not elicit immune responses and have low toxicities in animals and humans
  • used in improving the boavailability of drugs
A

cyclodextrin

47
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

atoms are arranged in 3D to produce cages and channels

e.g. SYNTHETIC ZEOLITES, DEXTRINS, SILICA GELS

A

Macromolecular inclusion compounds

48
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

Macromolecular inclusion compounds are commonly called as

A

molecular sieves

49
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

the guest molecule is diffused between layers of carbon atom, hexagonally oriented to form alternate layers of guest and host molecules

e.g. MONTMORILLONITE, GRAPHITE

A

Layer type or Intercalation compounds

50
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS

Layer type is also known as

A

intercalation compounds

51
Q

INCLUSION COMPOUNDS | LAYER / INTERCALATION

principal component of bentonite

A

montmorillonite

PHYPHARM (28 decks)

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