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PHYPHARM > COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES > Flashcards

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES Flashcards

1
Q

solid solute (a particular non volatile solute) dissolved in a volatile solvent

A

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

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2
Q

PORPERTIES OF MOLECULES IN A SOLUTION

  • depend on the total contribution of atoms in the molecules or on the sum of the properties of the constituents in a solution
  • mass, molar refraction

ex: molar mass (tinototal kasi siya)

A

ADDITIVE PROPERTIES

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3
Q

PROPERTIES

  • depend on the arrangement and to a lesser extent on the kind of atoms within a molecule
  • optical rotation, refractive index
A

CONSTITUTIVE PROPERTIES

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4
Q

PROPERTIES

  • depend mainly on the number of particles in a solution
  • the property of a particular solution will change depending on the amount of solute present in the solution
A

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

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5
Q
  • physical property of a solution that depends mainly on the particles that are present in a solution
  • physical property that varies according to the concentration of the dissolved solute
A

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES

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6
Q

4 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES

mga nagbabago sa property ng solution kapag nalagyan ng solute

A
  1. Vapor pressure lowering
  2. Boiling point elevation
  3. Freezing point depression
  4. Osmotic pressure exists

Veggie kulang sa supply, Burger sa taas, Fries na malungkot, may Order ma-pressure ka!

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7
Q

ALWAYS REMEMBER !!!!

kapag naglagay ka ng SOLUTE sa solvent, magbabago na ang colligative property nito

nakaapekto na ang solute sa solvent, at naging solution na siya

A

OK SALAMAT

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8
Q

values of colligative properties are the same for different solutes as the same molar concentration

mostly organic substances

same ang value kahit iba iba ang solute basta same ang molar conc.

A

NON-ELECTROLYTES

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9
Q

values of colligative properties depend on the number of ions

considers the **i factor **

A

STRONG ELECTROLYTES

ionic compounds

strong acids, strong bases

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10
Q

values of colligative properties depend on ionization

ionization is partial

A

WEAK ELECTROLYTES

weak acids, weak bases

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11
Q

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

the solute should be

A

NONVOLATILE

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12
Q

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

the solvent is usually

A

WATER

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13
Q

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

the solutions should be in what concentration

A

DILUTE

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14
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

VAPOR PRESSURE

A

23.8 mmHg

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15
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

BOILING POINT

A

100 C

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16
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

FREEZING POINT

A

0 C

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17
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

OSMOTIC PRESSURE

A

DOES NOT EXIST

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18
Q

when a ____ is added or is dissolved in water and creates a solution, the properties of water are changed when a solution is formed

A

NONVOLATILE SOLUTE

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19
Q

what is the effect in the vapor pressure of water which is 23.8 mmHg when a nonvolatile solute is added

A

VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING

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20
Q

the vapor pressure of a solution is ____ than the pure solvent

A

LESS

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21
Q

the escaping tendency of the solvent is explained by

A

RAOULT’S LAW

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22
Q

the vapor pressure of a solution containing a nonvolatile solute is lowered porportional to the relative number

A

RAOULT’S LAW

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23
Q

formula for change in vapor pressure ∆P

A

∆P = P₁º x 0.018 x m

m - molal conc.

P₁º - pressure

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24
Q

formula for new vapor pressure

given yung change in pressure ∆P

A

Psoln = P₀ - ∆P

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25
Q

what is the effect in the boiling point of water (100C) when a nonvolatile solute is added

A

ELEVATION OF BOILING POINT

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26
Q

a solution (nonvolatile solute + volatile solvent) will boil at a ____ temperature than will the pure solvent

A

HIGHER

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27
Q

change in boiling point

A

∆Tb

28
Q

formula for change in boiling point for NON-ELECTROLYTES

A

∆Tb = Kbm

Kb = molal elevation constant / ebullioscopic constant
m = molal conc.

29
Q

Kb

A

molal elevation constant / ebullioscopic constant

30
Q

other term for molal elevation constant

A

EBULLIOSCOPIC CONSTANT

31
Q

Kb unit

A

deg Kg / mole

32
Q

MOLAL ELEVATION CONSTANT / EBULLIOSCOPIC CONSTANT

WATER

A

0.515

33
Q

MOLAL ELEVATION CONSTANT / EBULLIOSCOPIC CONSTANT

ACETIC ACID

A

2.930

34
Q

formula for change in boiling point for ELECTROLYTES

A

∆Tb = i x Kbm

35
Q

formula for new boiling point

given yung change in boiling point ∆Tb

A

Tbsoln = ∆T₀ + ∆Tb

36
Q

ELECTROLYTE OR NON

metal + non metal

A

ELECTROLYTE

37
Q

ELECTROLYTE OR NON

acids (H + metal), bases (metal + OH)

A

ELECTROLYTE

38
Q

ELECTROLYTE OR NON

non metal + non metal

A

NON ELECTROLYTES

39
Q

what is the effect in the freezing point of water which is 0C when a nonvolatile solute is added

A

DEPRESSION OF FREEZING POINT

40
Q

adding salt to pure water causes it to freeze at a temperature ____ 0C

A

BELOW

41
Q

adding ____ to pure water causes it to freeze at a temperature below 0C

A

SALT

42
Q

Hinders the water molecules from forming ice crystals

A

SALT

43
Q

Kf

A

MOLAL DEPRESSION CONSTANT / CRYOSCOPIC CONSTANT

44
Q

molal depression constant is also called as

A

CRYOSCOPIC CONSTANT

45
Q

MOLAL DEPRESSION CONSTANT / CRYOSCOPIC CONSTANT

A

Kf

46
Q

UNIT:
MOLAL DEPRESSION CONSTANT / CRYOSCOPIC CONSTANT

Kf

A

deg Kg / mole

47
Q

Kf value for water

A

1.86

48
Q

formula for change in freezing point for NON-ELECTROLYTES

A

∆Tf = Kfm

49
Q

formula for change in freezing point for ELECTROLYTES

A

∆Tf = i x Tfm

50
Q

formula for new freezing point

given yung change in freezng point ∆Tf

A

Tf = ∆T₀ - ∆Tf

51
Q

the diffusion of the solvent through a semi-permeable membrane that allows only the solvent to pass through it

A

OSMOSIS

52
Q

the pressure that results from osmosis

A

OSMOTIC PRESSURE

53
Q

the pressure greater than that is above the pure solvent that must be applied to the solution to prevent the passage of the solvent through the semi-permeable membrane

A

OSMOTIC PRESSURE

54
Q

formulas used for osmotic pressure

A

VAN’T HOFF
MORSE

55
Q

VAN’T HOFF EQUATION

A

π = nRT / V

56
Q

MORSE EQUATION

A

π = RTm

57
Q

osmosis always takes place in the direction that will ____ the concentration of all components on both sides of the membrane

A

EQUALIZE

58
Q

when an osmotic pressure is equal on both sides of the membrane, the system is

dami ng tubig na dumadaan in & out

A

ISOOSMOTIC

59
Q

OSMOTIC

in biological fluids (inside our body), the equilibration is termed

galaw ng solute

A

ISOTONIC

60
Q
  • A solution has the same solute concentration as another solution.
  • There is no net movement of water particles, and the overall concentration on both sides of the cell membrane remains constant
A

ISOTONIC SOLUTION

61
Q
  • A solution that has a higher solute concentration than another solution
  • Water particles will move out of the cell, causing crenation (shrink)
A

HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

62
Q
  • A solution that has a lower solute concentration than another solution
  • Water particles will move into cell, causing the cell to expand and eventually pop
A

HYPOTONIC

hyPOtok

63
Q

biological fluids has a salt concentration of

A

0.9%

64
Q

freezing point of biological fluids

blood serum & lacrimal fluid

A

-0.52C

65
Q

FREEZING POINT

ISOTONIC

A

= 0.52C

66
Q

FREEZING POINT

HYPERTONIC

A

< -0.52C

67
Q

FREEZING POINT

HYPOTONIC

A

-0.52C - 0C

PHYPHARM (28 decks)

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