Compare homologous and analogous traits Flashcards
What are homologous traits?
Homologous traits are features that are similar in structure and origin due to shared ancestry.
What are analogous traits?
Analogous traits are features that serve similar functions but arise independently in different species, without a common ancestor.
True or False: Homologous traits always have the same function.
False
Fill in the blank: Homologous traits provide evidence for _______.
evolutionary relationships
Which of the following is an example of homologous traits? A) Bat wings and insect wings B) Human arms and whale flippers C) Bird beaks and mammal teeth
B) Human arms and whale flippers
True or False: Analogous traits can be a result of convergent evolution.
True
What is the primary difference between homologous and analogous traits?
The primary difference is that homologous traits arise from common ancestry, while analogous traits arise independently.
Fill in the blank: The study of homologous traits helps scientists understand _______.
phylogenetic relationships
Which type of trait is more useful for determining evolutionary relationships: homologous or analogous?
Homologous
Give an example of an analogous trait.
The wings of birds and the wings of bats.
True or False: Both homologous and analogous traits can perform similar functions.
True
What is an example of convergent evolution?
The development of wings in birds and bats.
Short answer: Why are homologous traits important in evolutionary biology?
They provide evidence of shared ancestry and evolutionary changes.
Multiple choice: Which of the following pairs are homologous traits? A) Shark fins and dolphin fins B) Cactus spines and leaf spines C) Human hands and monkey hands
C) Human hands and monkey hands
Fill in the blank: The process by which similar structures evolve independently is called _______.
convergent evolution
True or False: Analogous traits indicate a close evolutionary relationship between species.
False
What type of evidence do homologous traits provide?
Evidence of evolutionary relationships and common ancestry.
Short answer: How can analogous traits mislead scientists?
They can suggest a closer relationship between species than actually exists due to similar adaptations.
Which is NOT a characteristic of homologous traits? A) Common ancestry B) Similar structure C) Similar function D) Different evolutionary paths
C) Similar function
Fill in the blank: The forelimbs of mammals are an example of _______ traits.
homologous
Short answer: What role do analogous traits play in natural selection?
They demonstrate how different species can adapt to similar environments and challenges.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of homologous structures? A) Whale flippers and penguin wings B) Insect wings and bird wings C) Human spine and cat spine
C) Human spine and cat spine
True or False: Analogous traits can evolve in response to similar environmental pressures.
True
What type of evolutionary evidence do analogous traits provide?
They provide evidence of adaptation to similar environments, not common ancestry.
