Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

HD2 > Common Medical Problems Of Pregnancy Including Infections > Flashcards

Common Medical Problems Of Pregnancy Including Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What ethnic origins incr gestational diabetes risk

A

Asian
Indigenous
Pacific Islander
Hispanic
African

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gestational diabetes risk factors

A

Previous GD
family history of diabetes
Previous macrosomic baby
Previous unexplained stilbirth
Obesity
Glycosuria
Polyhydramnios
Large for gestational age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What causes foetal hyperinsulinaemia in GD and why

A

Incr maternal blood glucose
Ensure foetus gets enough glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gestational diabetes

A

An exaggerated form of Carbohydrate intolerance of variable sensitivity with onset or first presentation in pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What causes a state of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in normal pregnancy

A

Placental secretion of anti insulin hormones - HPL cortisol glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes a mother with GD to return to pre pregnancy metabolic state

A

Birth (placenta delivered)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pre pregnancy Determinants of insulin resistance

A

Ethnicity
Physical inactivity
Obesity
Dietary composition
PCOS
hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Maternal Complications of GD

A

Hyper/hypoglycaemia
Pre eclampsia
Infection
Thromboembolic disease
Nephropathy
Retinopathy
Coronary artery disease
Poor wound healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GD fetal complications

A

Macrosomia
Respiratory distress syndrome
Hypoglycaemia immediately after birth
Jaundice
Congenital abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are fetal risks of macrosomia

A

Birth asphyxia
Traumatic birth injury
Shoulder dystocia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Normal birth weight

A

3.5 kg male
3.4 kg female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why can babies of mothers with GD have hypoglycaemia immediately after birth

A

fetal hyperinsulinaemia due to hyperglycaemia in uterus from placenta delivering glucose, after birth glucose drops but insulin remains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

GD management

A

Dietary modification
Calories reduction
Insulin
Mother with T2 switch from oral meds to insulin
Intrapartum monitoring
Ultrasound every 2 wks
Glucose tolerance testing 6-12 wks after delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What causes anaemia in pregnancy

A

Haemodilution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the main cause of maternal problems linked to anaemia in pregnancy

A

Bleeding at delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Anaemia treatment

A

Iron tablets or syrup
Iron infusion
Blood transfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What week of gestation is amniotic fluid highest

A

28th wk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

Deficiency in amniotic fluid
3rd trimester vol <300ml
Largest depth 2cm or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What can cause oligohydramnios

A

Amniotic fluid leak
Fetal kidney abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Polyhydramnios

A

Excess amniotic fluid
>2000ml
Largest depth 8cm+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Causes of Polyhydramnios

A

Fetal GI or kidney abnormalities

22
Q

Is Polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios easier to treat

A

Polyhydramnios

23
Q

Potters facies/sequence

A

Flattened profile and badly developed hand muscles due to oligohydramnios

24
Q

Which infections are included in TORCH

A

Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes simplex, HIV, hepatitis

25
When is cytomegalovirus infection most likely to lead to congenital cytomegalovirus in a foetus
Primary infection during 1st trimester
26
Congenital cytomegalovirus symptoms
Severe intrauterine growth retardation Hepatosplemomegaly Microcephaly Sensorineural deafness
27
Most common effect of congenital cytomegalovirus
Hearing problems - may not develop until childhood
28
Why is rubella prevalence increasing
Decr MMR uptake
29
How does rubella infection during pregnancy effect the fetus
Eye abnormalities - cataracts, glaucoma, strabismus, nystagmus, microphthalmia, iris dysplasia Heart disease PetechiaE and purpura Microcephaly
30
When can congenital toxoplasmosis occur
Mother newly infected during or just before pregnancy
31
Congenital toxoplasmosis symptoms
Choriorentitis ———————\ Hydrocephalus ———————— classic triad Intracranial atherosclerosis —/ IUGR Microcephaly Hepatolsplemomegaly
32
How is congenital toxoplasmosis diagnosed
Maternal serology Amniotic fluid PCR
33
How is congenital toxoplasmosis treated
Pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and folic acid for mother and baby
34
Symptoms of perinatal herpes infection
Skin lesions 65% mortality if untreated
35
How is congenital CMV and congenital herpes treated
Antivirals(CMV) Antiretrovirals(HSV)
36
Effects of neonatal group B streptococcus infection
Pneumonia Meningitis Non focal sepsis Death
37
Prevention of neonatal group B streptococcus infection
Antenatal detection - swabs and urine Risk profiling Benzylpenicillin during labour
38
Maternal and fetal complications of UTIs in pregnancy
Maternal - pyelonephritis Fetal - growth restriction, pre term labour
39
UTI treatments
Penicillin Cephalosporins Nitrofurantoin
40
What foods should pregnant women avoid to prevent listeriosis infection
Unpasteurised milk products Undercooked meat Unwashed vegetables
41
Listeriosis symptoms in mother
Asymptomatic or indistinct virus symptoms
42
Symptoms of congenital syphilis in under 2s
Rash Rhinorrhoea Osteochondritis Perioral fissures Lymphadenopathy Pemphigus syphiliticus
43
Congenital syphilis symptoms in over 2s
Hutchinson’s teeth Clutton’s joints Saber shins High arched palate Deafness Saddle nose deformity Frontal bossing
44
opthalmia neonatorum
Watery eye discharge that can become copious and purulent, caused by congenital chlamydia or gonorrhoea infection
45
Effects of chlamydia and gonorrhoea on fetus
Ophthalmia neonatorum Pneumonia
46
Congenital Chlamydia and gonorrhoea treatment
Azithromycin
47
What cells are targeted by parvovirus B19
Erythrocytes
48
Why is parvovirus B19 infection more serious before 20 weeks
Hemopoetic system in liver so easier to be infected After 20 wks haemopoesis moves to bones so very little infection risk
49
Congenital parvovirus B19 infection effect
Erythropoiesis arrested RBC, lymphocyte, granulocyte, and platelet count decr Hydrops fetalis Fetal loss
50
How can fetus be effected by Covid 19 infection in mother
Vertical transmission Pro inflammatory cytokines can effect development

HD2 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions