Applied Anatomy Of The Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What part of the pelvis is ASIS in vertical alignment with
Pubic symphysis
What travels through the Obturator foramen
Obturator artery, nerve, and vein
What travels under the inguinal ligament
Femoral art, nerve, vein
What does the sacrospinous ligament travel between
Sacrum to ischial spine
What does the sacrotuberous ligament travel between
Sacrum to ischial tuberosity
4 main passageways into and out of pelvis
Greater sciatic foramen
Lesser sciatic foramen
Obturator foramen
Inguinal ligament
What travels through the greater sciatic foramen
Gluteal arteries, veins, nerves
Sciatic nerve
Pudendal nerve
What travels through the lesser sciatic foramen
Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery
Internal pudendal vein
Which 4 arteries leave the pelvis
Femoral artery
Obturator artery
Gluteal artery
Internal pudendal artery
Which 3 main arteries stay in the pelvis
Superior vesicular arteries
Uterine artery
Middle rectal artery
3 muscles in Levator ani
Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
Which 2 pelvic hip muscles are associated with the pelvic floor
Obturator internus
Piriformis
What is in the perineum
External genitalia
What 3 structures transverse the pelvic floor
Urethra
Vagina
Anal canal
Bartholin cyst
Bartholin glands or greater vestibular gland duct blocks and swells
What can cause a Bartholin cyst to form
Trauma
Inflammation
Perineal body
Fibromuscular mass which is the site of convergence of the perineal and pelvic floor muscles
Episiotomy
Surgical incision of the perineum and posterior vaginal wall
2 types of episiotomy
Midline
Mediolateral
What type of nerve is the pudendal nerve
Somatic
Which nerve leaves the greater sciatic foramen then re enters the lesser sciatic foramen
Pudendal
Which nerve provides sensory and motor to the perineum
Pudendal
Most common site of fertilisation
Ampulla of fallopian tube
Possible Locations of ectopic pregnancy
Ovarian
Infundibular
Ampullary
Isthmus
Abdominal
Interstitial
Cervical
Arteries supplying female reproductive system
Uterine artery
Ovarian artery
What structure does the uterine artery pass over
Ureter
Normal position of the uterus
Anteflexed
Anteverted
Which ligaments partially maintain uterus position
Cardinal ligaments
Uterosacral ligaments
Pubocervical ligaments
Uterine prolapse
Descent of uterus into vagina
What can pelvic floor and uterine ligament dysfunction lead to
Uterine prolapse
What does the gubernaculum fibrose to form
Round ligament of the uterus
Ovarian ligament
Broad ligament
Sheet of peritoneum over the uterus
How does uterus size change after menopause
Decreases
Where does epithelium type change in the cervix
External os
Where do sensory fibres from the uterus travel and what do they travel with
Travel to L1 with sympathetic nerves
Where do sensory fibres from the subperitoneal viscera travel to and what do they travel with
To S2,3,4 with parasympathetic nerves
What innervates the perineum
Pudendal nerve
Spinal epidural
Complete anaesthesia below waist
Caudal epidural block
Anaesthetic administered to catheter in sacral canal, cervix vagina and perineum anaesthetised but limbs unaffected
Pudendal nerve block
Anaesthetises perineum and lower 1/4 of vagina but mother can still feel contractions
