COGNITIVE reconstructive memory model Flashcards
who proposed this theory
Bartlett
how do we make new memories
search through previously stored information by using schemas
define ‘schemas’
menatl frameworks that help us to organise information and the relationships between them
how do we dvelop schemas
through previous experinces we have had (e.g seeing a dog for the first time and thinking it’s a cat)
what happens when we recall a memory
we reconstruct it
define the term ‘effort after meaning’
we can store information once we make sense of it and it gains meaning
define rationalisation
we may change the memory for it to make sense uncontiously
define confabulation
make things up to fill in the gaps unconsiously - this may come from a steryotype we hold
positive evaluation points
- supporting evidence - Loftus et al - car accidents speeds were changed when differenct verbs used - memory changed by schemas
- psychology in society - Devlin Report (1976) - we should not convict someone with only single eyewitness account
- supporting evidence - Bartlett’s ‘war of the ghosts’ - each production of the stroy was reconstructed differently
negative evaluation points
- lacks credibility - no scientific detail from the brain - other theories provide evidence e.g. brain scans for episodic and semantic memory
- lacks credibility - Bartlett evolved the theory off the study - all smaple from Cambridge - cannot be generalised
- reductionist - isolates schemas as the factor - ignores other concepts such as rehearsal