COGNITIVE Baddeley's study Flashcards
Baddeley classic study on the working memory model
when did the study take place
1966b (second experiment that same year)
baddeley classic study on the working memory model
descirbe the aim
to see if the LTM is impared by semantic similarities and to show that the LTM is not impaied by acoustic similarities
baddeley classic study on the working memory model
descirbe the sample
- 72 mainly houswives that were paid a small amount
- volunteer sample from the Applied Psychological Research Unit at Cambridge University
baddeley classic study on the working memory model
what was the experimental design and what were the IV
independent group design - 4 groups
* control groups - acoustically dissimilar words - semantically dissimilar words
* experimental groups - acoustically similar words - semantically similar words
Baddeley classic study on the working memory model
describe the procedure
- participants got split into one of 4 groups
- list of 10 words presented on a projector- 1 every 3 seconds
- interference task was used - listen to 6 sequences of numbers and write it down
- had 40 seconds to write words in the correct order
REPEATED 4 TIMES FOR EACH GROUP - interference task used again - copying digits
- surprise recall used - words placed randomly around the room (all participants ended with 5 scores each)
baddeley classic study on the working memory
describe the results
- no significant figure between group A and group B
- significantly fewer words recalled in semantically similar condition (group C and D)
baddeley classic study on the working memory model
describe the conclusion
- the STM and LTM have different coding systems
- STM used acoustic encoding
- LTM uses semantic encoding (impaired by semantic similarities)
baddeley classic study on the working memory
positive evaluation points
- volunteer sample - quick and easy
- highyl controlled - all words has same frequency in everyday life - increases internal validity
- standardised procedure - words show up every 3 seconds on a projector - increases reliability
baddeley classic study on the working memory
negative evaluation points
- all sample from cambridge - ethnocentric - not representative to TP - lacks population validity
- lab experiment - artificial memory exp. - lacks ecological validity
- independent groups design - individual differences (attention levels/ mood) - effects results of the IV