COGNITIVE multi-store model Flashcards
define the term cognitive psychology
how behaviour is affected by cognitive processes
define the term memory
our ability to encode, store, retain and recall information and past experiences
The Multi-Store Model
who created this theory
Atkinson and Shiffrin
Multi- Store Model
define information processing
the idea that information is processed in a linear way meaning it flows through the brain in a way that is logical
Multi- Store Model
define encoding
the way in which information is registered as a memory e.g. sound or smell
Multi- Store Model
define storage
how the information remains as a memory once it is registered
Multi- Store Model
define retrieval
how we find and access stored memories
Multi- Store Model
define capacity
the size of the memory store - how much information can be held
Multi- Store Model
define duration
how long information remains in the memory store
Multi- Store Model
how do memories disappear from the STM
displacement or decay
Multi-Store Model
how do memories disappear from the LTM
inteference
Multi- Store Model
what is the duration, capacity, and encoding of the sensory store
- duration - o.5 to 2 seconds
- capacity - very large
- encoding - modality specific - the 5 senses
Multi- Store Model
what is the duration, capacity, and encoding of the STM
- duration - 18 to 30 seconds
- capacity - 5 +/- 2
- encoding - acoustically (sound)
Multi- Store Model
what is the duration, capacity, and encoding of the LTM
- duration - lifetime
- capacity - unlimited
- encoding - semantic
Multi- Store Model
positive evaluation points
- credible - most evidence used to support the MSM is obtained from highly controlled lab experiments - memory ability was measured objectively
- useful application - can help people with dementia to rehearse information via memory aids e.g. diaries or repetition
- supporting evidence - HM had a STM functioning normally but couldn’t rehearse information to LTM (no hippocampus) - shows the two seperate stores
