CNAF Flashcards
Exemptions/Exceptions to FAR 91
Naval aircraft shall be operated in accoradnace with applicable provisions to FAR, Part 91, except:
Where this manual prescribes more stringent requirements
Where exceptions or authorizations issued to the Department of the Navy/DOD permit deviation from FAR
FAR Exempt (Alternate Airport)
Alt. airport rq’s and alternate airport wx criteria for clearance of flights to be conudcted under IFR shall be specified in CNAF
FAR exemptions (Ops in Class A)
Authorizes USN undergrad student aviators to conduct solo flight in Class A w/o inst. rating
FAR exmpt (Lighting)
Exemption for USMC a/a for flight without lighter aircraft pos lights in order to conduct nvd flight training in USMC a/c
FAR exempt (A/C Lighting)
An exemption has been granted to DOD a/c engaged in drug interdiction flights provided the a/c has a dedicated on-board observer plus an anddition resource capable of detecting all airraft operating in the vicinity of the DOD a/c
FAR Exemptions (VFR cruising Alt or FL)
Allows ops at altitudes other than those prescibed by 91 while engaged in drug interdiction ops, only to extent necessary to obtain positive ID of suspect a/c and maintain visual contact w/ that a/c, provided the a/c has a dedicated on-board observer to watch for other air traffic, and a/c has an operating transponder witih mode C
FAR exempt (IFR Cruise Alt or Flight LVL)
Exempt from alt to be maintained in uncontrolled airspace has been granted to extent necessary to conduct MTR training.
Operational Necessity (verbatim)
A mission associated with war or peacetime operations in which the consequences of an action justify accepting the risk of loss of a/c and crew
PIC (One liner)
The pilot assigned responsibility for safe and orderly conduct of the flight
Rq’s to be HAC (6 things)
To be qual’d as a HAC, the NATOPS manual shall establish the designation for the particular model, and an individual shall:
- Have complete the rq’s for and posses to an advanced degree the knowledge, proficiency, and capabailities of 2P
- Have a min of 500 total flight hours
- have 150 total flight hours in rotary-a/c
- have pilots hours in class and model rq’d by co or higher authority to demonstrate the proficiency and judgement rq’s to ensure the successful accomplishment of all tasks of the unit mission
- Demonstrate ability to command and train the officers and enlisted members of flightcrew
- Dem. the qualities of leadership rq’d to conduct advanced base or detached unit ops as officer in charge when such duty is rq’d as part of the units mission or method of operation
Emergency and Humanitarian Ops
Naval a/c ops are authorized in emergencies such as forest fire, search, rescue, major calamities, and for humanitarian resons involving life-threatening circumstances. Notification of op shall be made to CNO or CMC as appropriate, and the responsible local Commander, but w/o delaying action when time is an essential factor. Squadron cdrs and officers in charge will operate under the direction of assigned Join Task Force cdrs perr combatant cdr polict/guidance
Embarkation of Pax (restrictions/allowances) (HMVT)
No person shall be emplaned as a pax nor shall any cargo be embarked on a navala/c unless authorization has been granted by competent authority in accordance with applicable directives.
- ) Reporting Custodians for helicopter units may authorize personnel to be embarked as passengers onboard their aircraft. This authority may be delegated to a designated detachment officer in charge when deployed or embarked. No person shall be carried in a taxiing a/c as a passnger unless such person is authorized to fly in it or has been authorized by competent authority
- Helo pax overwater flights at night are authorized subject to the folowing restricitons:
Ship luanches and recoveries shall be made during daylight hours. This may be waived by the Strike group CDR, Amphibious Squadron CDR, MAGTF CDR/OTC in case of op necessity
- In cases of MEDEVAC, a qual’d med attendant who is current in approved water survival training and has been properly briefed on egress procedures may be transferred with approval from Ship CO
- This does not preclude troop movement in support of amphibious exercises, visit board search and seizure (VBSS) level III operations, or SPECOPS training and operational missions.
- The pilots in command/mission commanders of a naval aircraft( while absent from home unit) may authorize air transportation for personnel and/or equipment not otherwise qualified for Government air transportation (i.e., civilian physicians, paramedic teams, sheriff department personnel, park rangers, search dogs, medical equipment, etc.) when required for the successful prosecution of a search and rescue (SAR), medical emergency evacuation (MEDEVAC), or disaster relief mission. This authority shall only be exercised when all practical means of obtaining authorization from competent authority in accordance with applicable directives (OPNAVINST 4630.25 and NAVSUP Publication 505) have proven unsuccessful or unavailable. Appropriate authority shall be notified of such air transportation as soon as practicable.
Static display/airshow/flyover
- Pilots selected should have proven to be familiar with flight characteristics to CO
- Flight demonstrations shall not be planned with extra hazardous or unusual maneuvers
- Precoordination with ATC shall be accomplished
- Consideration should be given to allow public acces to equiptment
- Personnel assigned to static display shall be chosen for maturity, appearance, personality, etc.
- A/c chosen for static display shall be clean, well painted, and prepared for public inspection
Nonessential Flights (BOHS)
Use of a/c shall not be authorized. Any flight open to misinterpretation by the public shall be avoided. Examples are:
- Flights of a routine business nature for which commercial or other mil trans could be more economically substituted
- Flights for any officer or group of officers, the sole purpose of which is teh convenience and/or prestige of officers concerned and not the performance of official duties or accomplishment of bona fide training
- Repeated flights to hometown area of flight personnel
- Flight coinciding with major sports events or civic celebrations
Authorized airfields
Naval A/c are authorized to operate at and land at all US mil and Joint civil-mil airfields.
When operating at other than home field PIC shall ensure they’re familiar with local PPRs and meet airfield op rq’s
When returning to US from abroad PIC shall ensure that they will be able to satisfy Customs clearance rq’s at their point of Entry Airfield.
Deviations from CNAF
Deviation from specified flight and operating instructions is authorized in emergency situation when, in the judgement of the PIC, safety justifies such a deviation
VERBATIM:
Embarkation of civilian LEOs
Embarkation of civilian LEOS is Authorized in helicopters. SECNAVINST 5820.7 provides specific guidance for authorized missions. Authority to approve flights for LEO personnel and responsibility for establishing operation procedures it delegated to COMNAVAIRLANT, CMC, CNATRA, etc for aircraft under their respective control. It may be delegated to numbered fleet commanders and type commanders
VERBATIM:
NOTE: LEO personnel
DOD civilian personnel authorized in accordance with this paragraph shall comply with aeromedical and survival training requirements set forth in paragraph 8.4 of this instruction. Contractor flightcrews governed by NAVAIRINST 3710.1 shall meet the requirements of that instruction.
Who can taxi a naval aircraft?
No one shall be permitted to taxi a helicopter except those persons who are authorized to fly helicopters
When are DOD civilian employees and contractors authorized as flight crew?
When required in conjunction with the assigned duties or contractual responsibilies.
Verbatim: Orientation flight (MOST)
What are examples? (BAMF)
Orientation flights are typically one-time events for selected participants in a particular model aircraft. Orientation flight status shall not be used to circumvent normal training requirements for individuals required to fly multiple flights in naval aircraft. Orientation flights for midshipmen participating in official training programs are an exception and may involve multiple flights. Additionally, orientation flights are stand-alone events, specifically authorized, sanctioned and planned to accomplish the purposes listed in paragraph 3.3.1, subparagraph 2. Sanctioned air transport flights — those authorized expressly for the purposes of providing point-to-point transportation and lift for personnel — are different events per OPNAVINST 4630.25, and are not typically scheduled in conjunction with orientation flights.
Individuals are selected to participate in orientation flights for one of the following purposes:
a. To familiarize them with an aircraft, its operation, capabilities, requirements, concept of employment, or limitations.
b. To Familiarize them with a base complex from the air for official purposes other than merely sightseeing or goodwill.
c. To allow FAA personnel to perform official functions that require their infrequent embarkation on naval aircraft.
d. To perform other military duties not assigned to the flight crew.
Pilot in Command (verbatim)
Pilot in command refers to the pilot of an individual aircraft. The pilot in command is responsible for the safe, orderly flight of the aircraft and well-being of the crew. The pilot in command may also be the mission commander or formation leader when so designated. Pilot in command should not be confused with the various qualifications defined in Chapter 12. If there is no NATOPS manual for a particular model aircraft or if an existing manual fails to set forth specific initial qualifications and currency requirements, a pilot shall not be designated as pilot in command unless the pilot has made at least two takeoffs and landings and logged 5 hours of pilot time in the same model aircraft within the preceding 90 days. Also, lacking NATOPS guidance for a specific aircraft, 10 hours first pilot time in model is required for initial qualification. Pilots meeting the criteria may be considered qualified in model and phase and are then eligible for designation as pilot in command. In the absence of direct orders from higher authority cognizant of the mission, responsibility for starting or continuing a mission with respect to weather or any other condition affecting the safety of the aircraft rests with the pilot in command. The authority and responsibility of the pilot in command shall not be transferred during flight. It shall not be transferred to another individual except as required by emergency, operational necessity, or as directed by the commanding officer of the unit to which the aircraft is attached. The authority and responsibility of a pilot in command is independent of rank or seniority in relation to other persons participating in the mission or flight except for the following (OTC/OTC embarked)
OTC Embarked (verbatim)
Wing, group, or squadron commander, if embarked on a mission involving aircraft of their command, retains full authority and responsibility regarding command, including the mission in which participating.
Flag or General officer embarked (verbatim)
The pilot in command of an aircraft with a flag or general officer eligible for command at sea or in the field embarked as a passenger shall be subject to the orders of such flag or general officer in accordance with U.S. Navy Regulations. When such an embarked passenger exercises authority to command the aircraft, that passenger thereby assumes full responsibility for the safe and orderly conduct of the flight. The embarked passenger shall give due consideration to the judgment of the pilot in command regarding items of flight safety such as hazardous weather and aircraft/crew limitations. Flying rule violations, accident reports, and any other actions arising out of the flight will be referred to the embarked passenger as the responsible commander of the aircraft.
NOTE:
The provisions of paragraphs 3.7.1.1 and 3.7.1.2 shall not be used to circumvent normal NATOPS qualification procedures if the officer desires to physically pilot the aircraft. Flights that require a NATOPS-qualified crew shall not be physically piloted by any individual not so qualified; however, the flight may be directed by an officer in tactical command embarked who is not NATOPS qualified
What is a mission commander and what can they exercise command over, an what are they responsible for?
A mission commander shall be a properly qualified naval aviator or NFO and they exercise command over a single aircraft, or formations of aircraft. They shall be responsible for all phases of the assigned mission except those aspects of safety of flight that are related to the physical control of the aircraft and fall within the prerogative of the PIC. The mission commander shall direct a coordinated plan of action and be responsible for effectiveness of the mission.
What are the 7 skills of Decision Making (AVIAMTE)
- Assessing the situation
- Verifying info
- Identifying solutions
- Anticipating decision consequences
- Making the decision
- Telling others of the decision and rationale
- Evaluating the decision
What are the 7 skills of CRM? (DAMCLAS)
- Decision making
- Assertiveness
- Mission analysis
- Communication
- Leadership
- Adaptability/flexibility
- Situational awareness
ORM process (IAMIS)
- Identify Hazards
- Assess hazards
- Make risk decisions
- Implement controls
- Supervise
Three levels of ORM process (TDI)
- Time critical
- Deliberate
- In-depth
Four principles of ORM (AAAM)
- Accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs
- Accept no unnecessary risk
- Anticipate and manage risk by planning
- Make risk decisions at the right level
What is the crew composition required for an FCF?
FCF shall be conducted with the min crew required safe for flight. Passengers shall not be carried, and the FCP shall be designated by the CO as a FCP for a full system check, or a partial system check
What is the weather criteria for a FCF?
Shall be conducted using daylight hours within the local flying area in VMC. If necessary to complete the assigned mission, unit commanders may authorize check flights under conditions other than the above if in their option the flight can be conducted with an acceptable margin of safety under the existing conditions. The authority shall not be delegated.
If found flying in violations and regulations, what will happen?
There will be an investigation and that belongs to the immediate superior in the chain of command of the individual involved. The investigation will be in official JAGMAN format.
What is the definition of “Intent”
Lack of intent does not in itself constitute the absence of culpability. One can be so grossly negligent as to equate omission with commission. The question is whether the PIC or the form leader could reasonably have been expected to avoid the violation.
What shall commanding officers ensure in regards to cross country flights?
COs must ensure these flight contribute t the mission of the command an d the naval service, achieve training requirements, and can be completed safely. CO’s shall ensure a thorough risk assessment has been conducted for the proposed cross-country flight.
What is a non standard operation defined as?
An urgent requirement exists to fly a short-notice mission in support of a humanitarian, contingency, MEDEVAC, special access or sate department requirement. Commanders (O-8 or above) exercising OPCON of aircraft operating in support of nonstandard operations are responsible for mission risk assessment and therefore may waive the requirement for a TERPs review of a non-USG instrument procedure.
When/who should submit an ASAP: (P,A,F,X)
- One report per flight shall be completed. It is the responsibility of the PIC/Mission CDR to ensure this requirement is met. For flights in which there was no issue to report, a “No Event”report shall be completed, to include the command climate assessment, survey questions, etc.
- It’s the responsibility of aircrew members to submit additional reports for all issues which impacted the safe and orderly conduct of the flight/mission
- For formation flights, open report per section/division is sufficient if no event occurred
- For cross-country or multiple leg flights, one report at the completion of the day’s flight operation is the min requirement. If events occurred on multiple legs, individual ASAP reports should be completed for each those events.
What is the required documentation for an authorization of flight, and what must it have at the minimum? (CAPTENDD)
Authorization for a flight shall be documented by a published flight schedule or other similar directive signed by COs or their delegated authority. As a min the document shall contain:
- Chain of command for formation flight in the even of an abort by designated flight lead.
- Aircraft model assigned
- Point of depart, destination, and en route stopover points
- Total mission or requirement code
- ETE or ETA
- Names and flight functions of all flight personnel
- Date and ETD
- Designation of the PIC, MC, and/or for leader as appropriate
Prior to ___ ___ in ___ ___, commanders ___ ensure that the person designated as ___ is in all respects qualified for flight in model ad that minimum flight crew requirements are met
Authorizing flight, naval aircraft, shall, PIC
Min Flight crew requirements for naval aircraft are set forth in ___ ___ ___ manual for individual aircraft models. ____ may modify such requirements and the requirements set forth below as necessary for training purposes.
The applicable NATOPS, CNATRA
Insufficient NATOPS Guidance (Verbatim)
The minimum flight crew requirements for naval aircraft are set forth in the applicable NATOPS manual for individual aircraft models. Where individual NATOPS manual guidance is lacking, the minimum flightcrew requirements for multipiloted aircraft are as follows:
- Apilot in command possessing a valid instrument rating designated in accordance with paragraph 3.7.
- A copilot qualified to perform all the assist functions required for the flight conditions and mission. If passengers are embarked, the copilot shall be qualified in model.
- Other flightcrew necessary for the safe conduct of the flight.
