CMB1004/L06 Transport I

Question 1

Where did life likely originate?

Answer 1

Tropical seas

Question 2

What separates blood from cells?

Answer 2

Interstitial fluid

Question 3

What type of molecule cannot diffuse through interstitial fluid?

Answer 3

Proteins

Question 4

What is the composition of interstitial fluid similar to?

Answer 4

Plasma

Question 5

What percentage of body water is in interstitial fluid?

Answer 5

25%

Question 6

What percentage of body water is in plasma?

Answer 6

8%

Question 7

Name the 2 major cations in the body.

Answer 7

Na+
K+

Question 8

How do membranes act as barriers in the body?

Answer 8

Prevent diffusion of solutes which would alleviate equilibrium

Question 9

Describe osmosis.

Answer 9

Movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane

Question 10

What term describes solutions of equal concentrations?

Answer 10

Isosmotic

Question 11

What does osmolarity describe?

Answer 11

The number of particles per unit volume

Question 12

What is the difference between concentration and osmolarity?

Answer 12

Concentration is based on particle weight
Osmolarity is based on particle number

Question 13

What occurs in the body when food (salt) is consumed? (6)

Answer 13

Na+ stay in ECF
ECF osmolarity increases
Water moves from ICF to ECF
ECF volume increases
ICF volume increases
Thirst mechanism

Question 14

What occurs in the body when sweating occurs? (2)

Answer 14

Water and salt loss from ECF
ECF volume decreases

Question 15

What occurs in the body when water is consumed? (3)

Answer 15

ECF osmolarity decreases
Water moves from ECF to ICF
Inefficient in increasing ECF volume

Question 16

How do singular particles contribute to osmolarity?

Answer 16

Attract counterions

Question 17

How do cells avoid rupture due to continual osmosis?

Answer 17

Actively pumping out ions

Question 18

What are the major 2 anions in the body?

Answer 18

Cl-
HCO3-