Clinical-Based Questions Exam 4 Flashcards
A deck containing pictures and questions that are more application-based and more likely to be something Dr. Faulkner would ask on Exam 4. Questions will appear in the lectures it belongs to also. I would recommend shuffling this deck, as I added questions based on lecture order which may influence your problem-solving abilities.
A dog comes into the clinic with difficulty breathing and bloody sputum. Upon fecal examination, he was diagnosed with paragonimus kellicoti. How did he acquire this illness?
ingestion of an intermediate host such as a crustacean
A fecal exam was performed, and eggs like these appeared. What is the parasite?
paragonimus kellicoti
A human adult with a chronic cough and bloody sputum came into a doctor’s office, and the doctor’s first thought was pulmonary tuberculosis. However, a fecal exam revealed eggs 90 um x 50 um. What is likely the disease, and what caused it?
Zoonotic Paragonimiasis
paragonimus kellicoti
An old cat presents with a cyst in the lung field. It has symptoms that indicates a possible pneumothorax. What likely caused this?
paragonimus kellicoti
A dog comes into the clinic vomiting with polydipsia. Bloodwork results determined normal liver enzymes, and a fecal exam with the top right picture (egg) was observed. How did the dog get this parasite?
cercariae released by a snail in the water penetrating the dog’s skin (obtained from IH)
(the parasite is hetrobilharzia americana)
A dog had symptoms of signs similar to canine parvovirus, lymphadenopathy, and hemorrhagic enteritis. A fecal examination was preformed with eggs like this. What likely caused this?
nanophyetus salmicola
A cat is icteric and has had diarrhea. Upon fecal examination, eggs 36 to 45 um x 20 to 30 um were present. How did the host become infected?
ingesting metacercia when cat ate a lizard (paratenic host)
(this parasite is platynosomum fastosum)
A raccoon presented with weight loss, vomiting, and pancreatitis. A fecal examination revealed these eggs. How did the host contract this, and what parasite is it?
ingestion of metacercaria from IH
eurytrema procyonis
A sheep necropsy revealed fibrosis of liver tissues and hypertrophy of bile ducts and while alive, had symptoms of anemia and loss of condition. Fecal results were also examined. How did the host acquire this disease?
ingestion of metacercaria encysted on vegetation
(this parasite is fasciola hepatica)
A goat presented with anemia & hypoproteinemia with signs of bottle jaw. A fecal examination revealed these eggs. What parasite is this?
fasciola hepatica
A horse (i.e. ungulate) liver was condemned at slaughter. There was significant tissue destruction and liver cirrhosis. What parasite likely caused this?
fascioloides magna
A cow was diagnosed with paramphistomum sp. with this fecal examination. Where does this parasite infect the host?
immature stages in duodenum and ileum - pathogenic
A rabbit with these fecal eggs was diagnosed with dicrocoelium dendriticum. How did it become infected?
snail ingests miracida —> hatches from egg —> asexual replication in snail —> emerge in slime ball
then ingested by ant —> infect brain —> remain attached to vegetation
DH (in this case, a rabbit) ingests vegetation
A primate experiencing trauma caused by penetration of the proboscis of a parasite was examined. It also has gut perforation and peritonitis. What parasite likely caused this?
prosthenorchis elegans
A fecal examination revealed these eggs. How did the host become infected?
close proximity to IH - cockroaches
(this parasite is prosthenorchis elegans)
A dog presents with greasy stools and anorexia. Upon a ZnSO4 fecal flotation, these organisms were found. What is the likely organism?
giardia spp.
A cat has had chronic diarrhea and was revealed to have lymphoplasmacytic colitis. What likely caused this?
tritrichomonas blagburni
A human becomes ill with symptoms of mega-esophagus and myocardial disease. How did the parasite infect the host?
through contact with feces of an infected triatomine bug (or “kissing bug”), a blood-sucking insect that feeds on humans and animals
- vector borne: active defecation by IH, ingestion of IH
- non-vector borne: blood transfusion, organ/tissue transplantation, congenital, laboratory exposure, fecal contamination of food items
(this parasite is trypanosoma cruzi)
A dog comes into a South American clinic and has severe cutaneous issues and lymphadenopathy. Microscope examination shows the following structure. How did the host become infected?
sand fly takes a blood meal —> promastigotes are phagocytized by macrophages —> change to amastigotes
(this parasite is leishmania sp.)
A child became ill with voluminous watery diarrhea after spending the day at a water park. Sucrose fecal flotation shows this. What likely caused this, and how did the host become infected?
cryptosporidium spp.
host infection via fecal-oral contamination and ingestion of oocysts
Where does cryptosporidium migrate to cause disease?
adheres to the brush border of the intestinal epithelium
How do you treat animals infected with this?
supportive care to restore electrolyte imbalance from diarrhea
Fecal samples show oocysts. How did this infect the host?
ingestion of sporulated oocysts - 4 sporocysts each with 2 sprozoites
(this parasite is eimeria sp. - intestinal coccidia)
A dog had diarrhea, and centrifugal ZnSO4 showed these oocysts. How did he become infected?
ingested of sporulated oocysts from paratenic host (mice, birds, rodents)
2 sporocysts each with 4 sporozoites
(this parasite is cystoisospora canis)
You are going on a farm call with the veterinarian to check on a 2 week old dairy calf with diarrhea. Which of the following organisms presents an occupational health risk you want to avoid?
a. cryptosporidium parvum
b. eimeria zurnii
c. echinococcus multiocularis
d. giardia bovis
a. cryptosporidium parvum
*practice quiz question
These structures were found on the fecal flotation of a dog with diarrhea. They are approximately 12x8 µm. What are they?
a. cycloisospora canis
b. giardia cysts
c. eimeria bovis
d. toxoplasma gondii
b. giardia cysts
*practice quiz question
This is one of several dozen bugs found in the walls and rafters of the house occupied by a dog that recently died from heart disease associated with infection by Trypanosoma cruzi. What role, if any, did these bugs play in the deceased dog’s health condition?
a. The bugs have an equivocal role; some people really believe they are important vectors, while others believe their association is purely circumstantial
b. The bugs are a potential intermediate host facilitating transmission of the parasite. They should be tested to confirm their infection status
c. The bugs are a nuisance but generally play no role in transmission of parasitic diseases
d. The bugs are important vectors of disease in opossums but play no role in canine parasitic diseases
b. The bugs are a potential intermediate host facilitating transmission of the parasite. They should be tested to confirm their infection status
*practice quiz question
Identify the nest of organisms seen in the macrophage from the bone marrow aspirate taken from a dog showing polydipsia, polyuria, and generalized dermatological disease. The owner and his pet recently moved to Lee County after 10 years residence in Greece.
a. trypanozoon renale
b. leishmania infantum
c. trypanosoma caninum
d. leishmastigophora mediterraniensi
b. leishmania infantum
*practice quiz question
Identify the parasite that produced the little nest of amastigotes seen in this histopath section of heart muscle from a dog that died of a cardiac disease in Texas.
a. trypanosoma cruzi
b. leishmastigophora mexicana
c. trypanmastigophora
d. leishmania cardiopathy
a. trypanosoma cruzi
*practice quiz question
These eggs were found in the sputum of a coughing dog with daily access to a creek in its backyard. They are 90 um x 50 um. What parasite is producing them?
a. pulmonarius canis
b. dog lungworm
c. filarius pulmonae
d. paragonimus kellicoti
d. paragonimus kellicoti
*practice quiz question
This parasite was found attached to the small intestine of a pig at necropsy. What is it?
a. thorny-headed worm
b. pork intestinal worm
c. pork tapeworm
d. pork roundworm
a. thorny-headed worm
*practice quiz question
Why are infections with fasciola hepatica in grazing beef cattle often associated with periods of reduced rainfall and its drought effects on pastures?
a. Cattle drawin closer as a response to the heat and receding pasture making it easier to spread the parasite metacercaria between infected and susceptible animals
b. Cattle are attracted to grazing infected pastures where the metacercaria infectedsnails are protected from dehydration in shade from trees
c. Cattle are drawn to exposed vegetation with encysted metacercaria at water sources because of the excessive evaporation
d. Cattle are more likely to ingest the metacercariain thesnail intermediate host when they graze the dying pasture closer to the ground
c. Cattle are drawn to exposed vegetation with encysted metacercaria at water sources because of the excessive evaporation
*practice quiz question
Eggs that look like these were found on the fecal exam of a cat from South Beach, Miami Fla. What species is most likely producing the eggs?
a. nanophytessalmincola
b. prosthenorchiselegans
c. paragonimuskellicoti
d. playtynosumfastosum
d. playtynosumfastosum
*practice quiz question
This Golden Retriever from North Carolina presented @ the clinic with weight loss, dysrexia and elevated liver enzymes.What parasite should be included in your differential diagnosis?
a. toxocara canis
b. heterobilharzia americana
c. schistosoma caninum
d. echinococcus granulosus
b. heterobilharzia americana
*practice quiz question
This Golden Retriever from North Carolina presented @ the clinic with weight loss, dysrexia and elevated liver enzymes.A presumptive diagnosis ofHeterobilharziawas made.The owner wants to know how his dog became infected. What will you tell him?
a. penetration by swimming cercarial stages
b. ingested infective metacestode in fish
c. ingested cercarial infected snail
d. ingested the infective metacercaria in crayfis
a. penetration by swimming cercarial stages
*practice quiz question
Eggs that look like these are often found in cattle when they accidentally ingest “zombie ants” while they are grazing on infested pastures.They measure36 to 45µm X 20 to 30µm.What parasite species is associated with cattle and zombie ants as definitive host (DH) and intermediate host (IH), respectively?
a. platynosum fastosum
b. fasciola hepatica
c. fascioloides magna
d. dicrocoelium dendriticum
d. dicrocoelium dendriticum
*practice quiz question
How do people and their pet dogs and cats become infected with Paragonimus?
a. when they eat poorly cooked crayfish on camping trips
b. skin penetration of mesocercaria while skinning wild game
c. swimming in cercarial infested waters
d. ingestion of infected copepods in unfiltered water
a. when they eat poorly cooked crayfish on camping trips
*practice quiz question
The associated pathology report describes this histological section from a necropsied cat as represenative of a lymphoplasmacytic/neutrophilic colitiis with crypt abscess.What parasite is likely implicated in the poor health condition of the patient?
a. tetratrichomonoides felis
b. trypansoma cruzi
c. trichomonas foetus
d. tritrichomonas blagburni
d. tritrichomonas blagburni
*practice quiz question
