Class 7

Question 1

The _____ muscle action is acceleration-based and is all about _____ a weight.

1. eccentric; lowering
2. concentric; lifting
3. isometric; holding

Answer 1

b

Question 2

The _____ muscle action is stability-based and is all about _____ a weight.

1. eccentric; lowering
2. concentric; lifting
3. isometric; holding

Answer 2

c

Question 3

The _____ muscle action is deceleration-based and is all about _____ a weight.

1. eccentric; lowering
2. concentric; lifting
3. isometric; holding

Answer 3

a

Question 4

Which image represents an eccentric action and concentric action, respectively?

1. left = concentric; right = eccentric
2. left = eccentric; right = concentric
3. left = concentric; right = concentric
4. left = eccentric; right = eccentric

Answer 4

b

Question 5

The image on the left involves the biceps performing a _____ muscle action; the image on the right involves the triceps performing a _____ muscle action, respectively.

1. concentric; concentric
2. eccentric; relaxed
3. concentric; relaxed
4. concentric; eccentric

Answer 5

d

Question 6

Deep local control muscles normally do _____ muscle actions during various movement patterns.

1. isometric
2. concentric
3. eccentric
4. all the above are common

Answer 6

a

Question 7

Global control muscles normally do _____ muscle actions during various movement patterns.

1. isometric
2. concentric
3. eccentric
4. all the above are common

Answer 7

d

Question 8

Stabilization-endurance core training often employs ______ muscle actions.

1. isometric
2. concentric
3. eccentric
4. none of the above

Answer 8

a

Question 9

Which statements are true?

a. a bicep’s eccentric muscle action creates the force needed to flex the elbow and lift the dumbbell during a biceps curl
b. a bicep’s concentric muscle action creates the force needed to slowly lower the dumbbell during a biceps curl

Answer 9

neither are true

Question 10

During a push-up, the _____ muscle slows down elbow flexion as the body is lowered toward the floor. This is called a(n) _____ muscle action.

a. biceps; concentric
b. triceps; eccentric
c. biceps; eccentric

triceps; concentric

Answer 10

b

Question 11

During gait, as the right leg swings forward and prepares for a safe and controlled landing of the foot, the right ankle dorsiflexes, the knee flexes, and hip flexes slightly as the foot contacts the ground. Each joint motion is slowed with a(n) _____ muscle lengthening action. The gastrocnemius slows ankle dorsiflexion, the quadriceps slow knee flexion, and the gluteus maximus and hamstrings slow hip flexion. This is the “stretching” part of the stretch-shortening cycle.

a. concentric
b. eccentric
c. isometric
d. impossible to know

Answer 11

b

Question 12

As the right foot pushes off during gait, the gastrocnemius, quadriceps, hamstrings and gluteus maximus shorten concentrically to _____ the ankle joint, _____ the knee joint, and _____the hip joint, respectively. This accelerating force is generated via concentric muscle actions within these muscles. Each muscle shortens as it generates force. This is the “shortening” part of the stretch-shortening cycle.

a. plantar flex; extend; extend
b. dorsi flex; flex; flex
c. plantar flex; flex; flex
d. dorsi flex; extend; extend

Answer 12

a

Question 13

Which statements are true?

a. an isometric muscle action of the biceps creates the force needed to keep the elbow joint and dumbbell motionless between the up and down motion (at each pause or change of direction)
b. concentric muscle actions generate the most force of the three muscle actions

Answer 13

a

Question 14

Which statements are true?

a. doing “negatives” in the weight room means to lower a body segment or weight using lengthening concentric muscle actions
b. doing “positives” in the weight room means to raise or lift a body segment or weight using shortening eccentric muscle actions

Answer 14

neither are true

Question 15

Which muscle action is least important?

1. isometric
2. concentric
3. eccentric
4. none of the above

Answer 15

d

Question 16

Higher intensity _____ actions usually lead to delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS).

1. isometric
2. concentric
3. eccentric
4. none of the above

Answer 16

c

Question 17

Which statements are true?

a. walking down the Timpanogos mountain trail involves mostly eccentric muscle actions
b. walking up the Timpanogos mountain trail involves mostly concentric muscle actions

Answer 17

both are true

Question 18

Which muscle action weakness leads to the most musculoskeletal injuries?

1. isometric
2. concentric
3. eccentric
4. none of the above

Answer 18

c

Question 19

Which of the following muscles commonly perform feed-forward muscle contractions?

1. transverse abdominis
2. gluteus maximus
3. quadriceps
4. all the above

Answer 19

a

Question 20

Which statements are true?

a. when a person lifts a weight at a 4-2-1 tempo, it means the concentric action takes about 1 second
b. breaking a muscle down and experiencing delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is the only way to build the muscle up and get stronger

Answer 20

a

Question 21

What might help to hasten the delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) healing process?

1. rest
2. pain-free CARs
3. light massage
4. all are recommended

Answer 21

d

Question 22

Which statements are true?

a. a closed chain movement pattern occurs when a proximal bone rotates or moves around a fixed distal bone
b. an open chain movement pattern occurs when a distal body part, usually the hand or foot, is free to move or rotate around a relatively stable proximal body part, usually the torso, shoulder complex, or pelvis

Answer 22

both are true

Question 23

What type of exercise is recommended during a beginning core training program?

1. open chain
2. closed chain
3. hold-type
4. all the above

Answer 23

c

Question 24

Which statements are true?

a. when walking, one foot is on the ground while the other foot is airborne; this means one leg is closed chain and one leg is open chain, and it alternates between every step
b. when riding a bike or swimming, both hands and feet involve open chain movement

Answer 24

a

Question 25

Which statements are true?

a. when crawling, one hand is on the ground while the other hand is airborne; the same is true with the feet; this means one arm and the opposite foot are closed chain and one arm and the opposite foot are open chain, and it alternates between every step
b. when swinging a club or bat, the lower body involves closed chain motion while the arms involve open chain motion; many sports and competitive activities fit into this category

Answer 25

both are true