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Pathophysiology > Class 3 > Flashcards

Class 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Adaptive (Acquired) immunity is the _____ line of defense

A

the third

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2
Q

Antibodies are produced by?

A

B cells

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3
Q

Do T cells produce antibodies?

A

No

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4
Q

T cells trigger and activate?

A

B cells

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5
Q

B cells are also called

A

Humoral

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6
Q

T cells are also called

A

Cellular

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7
Q

Hypersensitivity

A

excessive or inappropriate immune response to an antigen that that results in disease or damage to the host

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8
Q

Allergy, autoimmunity and alloimmunity are ________ reactions

A

Hypersensitivity

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9
Q

Allergy

A

Harmful effects of hypersensitivity to environmental (exogenous) antigens

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10
Q

Autoimmunity

A

disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self antigens

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11
Q

Alloimmunity

A

immune reaction to tissues of another individual. Transplant or blood transfusion.

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12
Q

What type of immune reaction is IgE mediated and involves the degranulation of mast cells?

A

Type I

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13
Q

What type of immune reaction is IgG/IgM mediated and involves antigen-antibody complex formation on the cell surface?

A

Type II

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14
Q

What type of immune reaction is IgM/IgG mediated and involves complexes that are formed in circulation and later deposited in different tissues and can cause an immune reaction in numerous places?

A

Type III

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15
Q

Type I, type II, and type III reactions all involve _____ cells

A

B cells

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16
Q

what type of immune reaction is cell mediated?

A

Type IV is cell mediated and involves T cells

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17
Q

An atopic reaction indicates:

A

a genetic predisposition

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18
Q

What is an example of a Type II sensitivity reaction?

A

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

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19
Q

Type II reactions are tissue specific, this means?

A

there is an immune response to proteins on only certain cell membranes

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20
Q

Type III reactions are different that Type II reactions because Type III reactions are?

A

Not specific to a cell membrane, instead complexes are formed and circulate throughout the body

21
Q

Antigen Antibody complexes in Type III reactions are formed in the _________ and later deposited in_____?

A

formed in the circulation and are later deposited in vessel walls or extravascular tissue

22
Q

Example of type III hypersensitvity reaction

A

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

23
Q

Common clinical manifestations of SLE?

A

Arthralgia and arthritis

24
Q

Primary Immunodeficiency is also called?

A

congenital immunodeficiency

25
Q

secondary immunodeficiency is also called

A

acquired immunodeficiency

26
Q

what is the clinical hallmark of immune deficiencies

A

the development of unusual or recurrent severe infections

27
Q

B cell (humoral) deficiencies cause?

A

recurrent and life threatening bacterial infections

28
Q

T cell (cellular deficiencies) cause?

A

viral, fungal, yeast and atypical microorganisms

29
Q

which type of cell deficiency is worse to have?

A

T cell deficiencies because T cells stimulate B cells!

30
Q

DiGeorge syndrome

A

partial lack of thymus

31
Q

Example of primary T cell deficiency

A

DiGeorge syndrome

32
Q

Chronic stress decreases…

A

the size of the thymus gland resulting in less resistance to infections and cancers

33
Q

chronic stress increases…

A

antibody responses causing increased allergy and autoimmune responses

34
Q

poison ivy and contact dermatitis are examples of?

A

a type IV (cell mediated) allergy (hypersensitivity)

35
Q

thrombocytopenia is an example of?

A

a type II autoimmune hypersensitivity

36
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of?

A

a type III autoimmune hypersensitivity

37
Q

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an example of?

A

A type IV autoimmune hypersensitivity

38
Q

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an example of a?

A

Type II alloimmune hypersensitivity

39
Q

transplant rejection is an example of?

A

A type IV alloimmune hypersensitivity

40
Q

type III hypersensitivity reactions are

A

systemic

41
Q

Type II hypersensitivity reactions only affect?

A

specific cells

42
Q

What type of Type I hypersensitivity reaction is atopic?

A

Anaphylaxis

43
Q

what is the most common clinical manifestation of SLE?

A

Arthralgia and arthritis

44
Q

immunity has the properties of?

A

specificity, memory, inducibility and self-tolerance

45
Q

Hypersensitivity

A

an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in damage or disease to the individual.

46
Q

breakdown of self-tolerance causes

A

autoimmunity

47
Q

what does stress do to the thymus?

A

causes atrophy of the thymus resulting in less resistance to infections and cancers

48
Q

what effects does stress have on the antibody response?

A

it increases antibody response resulting in increased allergy and autoimmune responses

Pathophysiology (21 decks)

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