Class 3 Flashcards
Adaptive (Acquired) immunity is the _____ line of defense
the third
Antibodies are produced by?
B cells
Do T cells produce antibodies?
No
T cells trigger and activate?
B cells
B cells are also called
Humoral
T cells are also called
Cellular
Hypersensitivity
excessive or inappropriate immune response to an antigen that that results in disease or damage to the host
Allergy, autoimmunity and alloimmunity are ________ reactions
Hypersensitivity
Allergy
Harmful effects of hypersensitivity to environmental (exogenous) antigens
Autoimmunity
disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self antigens
Alloimmunity
immune reaction to tissues of another individual. Transplant or blood transfusion.
What type of immune reaction is IgE mediated and involves the degranulation of mast cells?
Type I
What type of immune reaction is IgG/IgM mediated and involves antigen-antibody complex formation on the cell surface?
Type II
What type of immune reaction is IgM/IgG mediated and involves complexes that are formed in circulation and later deposited in different tissues and can cause an immune reaction in numerous places?
Type III
Type I, type II, and type III reactions all involve _____ cells
B cells
what type of immune reaction is cell mediated?
Type IV is cell mediated and involves T cells
An atopic reaction indicates:
a genetic predisposition
What is an example of a Type II sensitivity reaction?
Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Type II reactions are tissue specific, this means?
there is an immune response to proteins on only certain cell membranes
Type III reactions are different that Type II reactions because Type III reactions are?
Not specific to a cell membrane, instead complexes are formed and circulate throughout the body
Antigen Antibody complexes in Type III reactions are formed in the _________ and later deposited in_____?
formed in the circulation and are later deposited in vessel walls or extravascular tissue
Example of type III hypersensitvity reaction
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Common clinical manifestations of SLE?
Arthralgia and arthritis
Primary Immunodeficiency is also called?
congenital immunodeficiency
secondary immunodeficiency is also called
acquired immunodeficiency
what is the clinical hallmark of immune deficiencies
the development of unusual or recurrent severe infections
B cell (humoral) deficiencies cause?
recurrent and life threatening bacterial infections
T cell (cellular deficiencies) cause?
viral, fungal, yeast and atypical microorganisms
which type of cell deficiency is worse to have?
T cell deficiencies because T cells stimulate B cells!
DiGeorge syndrome
partial lack of thymus
Example of primary T cell deficiency
DiGeorge syndrome
Chronic stress decreases…
the size of the thymus gland resulting in less resistance to infections and cancers
chronic stress increases…
antibody responses causing increased allergy and autoimmune responses
poison ivy and contact dermatitis are examples of?
a type IV (cell mediated) allergy (hypersensitivity)
thrombocytopenia is an example of?
a type II autoimmune hypersensitivity
systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of?
a type III autoimmune hypersensitivity
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an example of?
A type IV autoimmune hypersensitivity
Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an example of a?
Type II alloimmune hypersensitivity
transplant rejection is an example of?
A type IV alloimmune hypersensitivity
type III hypersensitivity reactions are
systemic
Type II hypersensitivity reactions only affect?
specific cells
What type of Type I hypersensitivity reaction is atopic?
Anaphylaxis
what is the most common clinical manifestation of SLE?
Arthralgia and arthritis
immunity has the properties of?
specificity, memory, inducibility and self-tolerance
Hypersensitivity
an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in damage or disease to the individual.
breakdown of self-tolerance causes
autoimmunity
what does stress do to the thymus?
causes atrophy of the thymus resulting in less resistance to infections and cancers
what effects does stress have on the antibody response?
it increases antibody response resulting in increased allergy and autoimmune responses
