Class 16

Question 1

Transient ischemic attack

Answer 1

transient interruption of perfusion to the brain. Lasts no more than 1 hour

Question 2

TIA is a?

Answer 2

warning of impending stroke

Question 3

Definition of stroke?

Answer 3

ischemia to the brain to the point that neurons die

Question 4

An ischemic stroke is a?

Answer 4

obstruction of blood flow

Question 5

thrombotic stroke

Answer 5

caused by a blood clot that forms in an artery directly leading to the brain

Question 6

embolic stroke

Answer 6

occurs when a clot develops somewhere else in the body and travels through the blood stream to the brain

Question 7

what could be a risk factor for an embolic stroke

Answer 7

atrial fibrillation

Question 8

hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 8

spontaneous rupture of blood vessels

Question 9

what is a major cause of haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 9

hypertension

Question 10

An ischemic stroke follows the same process as

Answer 10

atherosclerosis

Question 11

Berry aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations are both?

Answer 11

congenital

Question 12

What might a person having a hemmoragic stroke say?

Answer 12

this is the worst headache of my life

Question 13

FAST acronym

Answer 13

Facial droop
Arm drift
Speech changes
Time to call 911

Question 14

What are the 5 warning signs of stroke?

Answer 14

Weakness, trouble speaking, vision problems, headache, and dizziness

Question 15

Left sided stroke of the cerebrum signs and symptoms?

Answer 15

motor weakness on the right side and pupil alterations on the left side

Question 16

right sided stroke of the cerebrum signs and symptoms?

Answer 16

motor weakness on the left side and pupil alterations on the right side

Question 17

the cerebellum controls?

Answer 17

balance and posture

Question 18

what can occur if the brain stem is affected in a stroke?

Answer 18

locked in syndrome

Question 19

locked in syndrome

Answer 19

rare issue where person still has full cognition but have very minimal ability to interact with their environment. Can only blink and move eyes up and down.

Question 20

Do neurons develop tumours?

Answer 20

No, they can’t because they do not replicate.

Question 21

What is the most common type of brain tumour?

Answer 21

astrocytomas

Question 22

What is an example of a extra cerebral brain tumour?

Answer 22

meningioma

Question 23

Brain neoplasms in adults are most commonly?

Answer 23

supratentorial

Question 24

brain neoplasms in children are most commonly?

Answer 24

infratentorial

Question 25

Why do primary malignant brain tumours rarely metastisize outside of the brain?

Answer 25

due to the BBB and the fact that the brain has very few lymph vessels

Question 26

Manifestations of brain tumours will?

Answer 26

vary by location

Question 27

Why is chemotherapy generally not effective in brain tumours?

Answer 27

chemo has large molecules which cannot cross the BBB

Question 28

Many of the manifestations of brain tumours result from?

Answer 28

increased intracranial pressure

Question 29

Chronic bacterial meningitis is caused by?

Answer 29

syphillis

Question 30

What are the neurological manifestations of bacterial meningitis?

Answer 30

Altered LOC and projectile vomiting

Question 31

which type of meningitis does petichiae/pupura occur with?

Answer 31

Bacterial (nessieria meningitides)

Question 32

What are the meningeal signs?

Answer 32

neck rigidity, kernigs sign and brudzinskis sign

Question 33

Kernig's sign

Answer 33

inability to straighten leg when hip is flexed 90 degrees

Question 34

Brudzinski's sign

Answer 34

severe neck stiffness causes a patients knees and hips to flex when neck is flexed

Question 35

seizure

Answer 35

sudden, transient alteration of brain function caused by an abrupt explosive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons

Question 36

Epilectic seizures are?

Answer 36

unprovoked

Question 37

Aura

Answer 37

occurs before a seizure. Could be the perception of a strange light, unpleasant smell, confusing thoughts or experiences

Question 38

Ecephalitis

Answer 38

inflammation of the brain parenchyma