Class 22 Flashcards
What are the consequences of urinary tract obstruction ?
Obstructive uropathy and urinary stasis
Urinary stasis can cause?
Infection and calculi formation
Obstructive uropathy can cause?
hydroureter (accumulation of urine in the ureter) and hydronephrosis (accumulation of urine in the kidney) or a combination of both
What is the ultimate result of urinary tract obstruction?
renal destruction
What is an example of a mechanical obstruction
renal calculi (kidney stones)
what is an example of a functional obstruction
neurogenic bladder
what is the most common type of kidney stone
calcium- oxalate or calcium-phosphate
What can cause kidney stones?
dehydration and excess calcium intake
Neurogenic bladder
improper emptying
Disorders ABOVE the micturition centre in the pons causes?
Spastic blader (incontinence/automatic emptying)
Stroke, TBI, dementia and brain tumours could all lead to
spastic bladder
Lesions below the micturition centre in the pons but above the sacral micturition centre result in?
Dyssynergia (loss of coordination)
Spinal cord injury (at T6), MS and vertebral disk problems can cause?
dyssynergia
Lesions at or below the micturition centre in the sacral area can result in?
Atonic bladder (areflexia, urinary retention). Bladder that continues to fill
Very low spinal cord injuries and MS can cause?
Atonic bladder