Class 1

Question 1

Predisposing factors

Answer 1

increase the probability that a disease will occur. Not the cause of disease

Question 2

Precipitating factors

Answer 2

condition or event that does cause a pathogenic event or disorder

Question 3

aneuploidy

Answer 3

when a cell does not contain a mutilple of 23 chromosomes

Question 4

mutation

Answer 4

any inherited alteration of genetic material

Question 5

frameshift mutation

Answer 5

insertion or deletion of one or more base pairs. Can greatly alter the amino acid sequence!!!!

Question 6

Base pair substitution

Answer 6

one base pair is replaced by another. Not as severe as frameshift.

Question 7

Nondisjunction

Answer 7

error where 2 homologus chromosomes fail to seperate. Produces some gametes that have 2 copies of chromosome (results in trisomy) or no copies (monosomy)

Question 8

Nondisjunction creates an?

Answer 8

aneuploidy

Question 9

Down syndrome

Answer 9

trisomy of chromosome 21

Question 10

Turner syndrome

Answer 10

presence of a single X chromosome

Question 11

Turner syndrome is only present in?

Answer 11

females

Question 12

short stature, widely spaced nipples, webbed fingers and toes

Answer 12

turners syndrome

Question 13

Autosomal Recessive disorders mean that?

Answer 13

both parents must carry the gene

Question 14

Autosomal dominant inheritence requires?

Answer 14

only one parent to carry the gene

Question 15

multifactorial disorders

Answer 15

diseases caused by a number of genes acting together and influenced by other factors

Question 16

Obstruction

Answer 16

blockage of tube or lack of function

Question 17

Mechanical obstruction

Answer 17

something physical or structural that blocks the tube

Question 18

Functional obstruction

Answer 18

tube is not in function. Less common and harder to understand. An example is the paralysis of the gut.

Question 19

What type of mutation is the most serious?

Answer 19

frameshift mutation

Question 20

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 20

47 chromosomes (XXY)

Question 21

what is an example of an autosomal recessive disorder?

Answer 21

cystic fibrosis

Question 22

What is an example of a autosomal dominant disorder?

Answer 22

huntingtons disease

Question 23

X linked gene disorders

Answer 23

males inherit these types of diseases from their mother. Females become carriers

Question 24

Example of X linked disorders

Answer 24

duchenne muscular dystrophy and hemophilia