Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Premed95 > Chem6 - Solutions and Electrochemistry > Flashcards

Chem6 - Solutions and Electrochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

lowest ksp(solubility product) will precipitate

A

first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a solution?

A

solute –> solvent(solute goes into solvent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is solvation?

A

when ionic compounds dissolve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is hydration?

A

solvation in WATER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

something that is hydrated is said to be in the ___ phase

A

aqueous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an electrolyte?

A

compound that forms ions in an aqueous solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nitrite?

A

NO2-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nitrate?

A

NO3-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sulfite?

A

SO32-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sulfate?

A

SO42-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hypochloride

A

ClO-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

chlorite

A

ClO2-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

chlorate

A

ClO3-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

perchlorate

A

ClO4-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

carbonate

A

CO32-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

bicarbonate

A

HCO32-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

phosphate

A

PO43-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ammonium

A

NH4+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is molarity

A

mol/Ldepends on amount of solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is molality?

A

mols solute/kg solvent(mol/kG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is mol fraction?

A

mols compound/total mols of all species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

mass % =?

A

mass solute/total mass of solution * 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ppm=?

A

mass solute/total solution mass * 106

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is vapor pressure?

A

pressure created by molecules above liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what causes evaporation?

A

when vapor pressure of liquid is higher than partial pressure of vapor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what causes condensation?

A

when partial pressure of vapor is greater than vapor pressure of liquid

27
Q

what is a nonvolatile solute?

A

a solute with no vapor pressure

28
Q

what does Raoult’s law state?

A

Pv=Xa*Papartial vapor pressure= mol fraction of substance * vapor pressure of pure substance

29
Q

how does Raoult’s law apply to volatile solutes?

A

Pv=XaPa+XbPbvolatile solutes can contirbute to the vapor pressure

30
Q

what is the solubility product (Ksp)?

A

equilibrium constant for a solvation reaction,excludes solids

31
Q

what is a spectator ion?

A

an ion that has no effect on the equilibrium

32
Q

what is the common ion effect?

A

works according to Le Chatliers principle, can alter the equilibrium depending on what the ion added is

33
Q

what does henry’s law state?

A

solubility of a gas is proportional to its vapor pressure

34
Q

what is a redox reaction?

A

transfer of electrons

35
Q

what does it mean when something is oxidized?

A

loses electronsOIL RIG

36
Q

what does it mean when something is reduced?

A

GAINS ELECTRONS

37
Q

oxidation state for elemental atoms?

A

0

38
Q

oxidation state for fluorine?

A

-1

39
Q

oxidation state for hydrogen?

A

+1(-1 when bonded to metal)

40
Q

oxidation state for oxgen?

A

-2(-1 when in a peroxide)

41
Q

what is a reducing agent?

A

donates electrons and is OXIDIZED

42
Q

what is an oxidizing agent?

A

accepts electrons and is REDUCED

43
Q

what is electric potential (E)

A

refers to potential for transfer of electrons

44
Q

the more positive E (electric potential) is

A

more likelyhood of reaction proceeding

45
Q

each half reaction has a potential known as

A

reduction potential (oxidation potential in reverse)

46
Q

more + E values mean

A

stronger oxidizing agent and easily reduced

47
Q

more - E values means

A

stronger reducing agents and easily oxidized

48
Q

the more + an E is

A

the more likely it is to be reduced

49
Q

the more - an E is

A

the more likely it is to be oxidized

50
Q

what is the standard potential for formation of H2?

A

0 V2H+ + 2e- –> H2

51
Q

what is the sign for an anode?

A

negative

52
Q

what is the sign for a cathode in a galvanic/electrolytic cell?

A

positive/negative

53
Q

what reaction takes place at the cathode?

A

reduction

54
Q

what reaction takes place at the anode?

A

oxidation

55
Q

what is cell potential? (E)?

A

AKA electron motive force (emf), refers to potential difference between terminals when they are not connected

56
Q

electrons flow from the ___ to the ___

A

anode to the cathode

57
Q

what are terminals?

A

metal conductors

58
Q

current flows from the __ to the __

A

cathode to the anode

59
Q

what is a salt bridge?

A

a liquid junction that minimizes the potential difference

60
Q

equation for free energy in a cell?

A

ΔG=-nFEmaxn= # of mols of electrons transferred

61
Q

what is a concentration cell?

A

separates oxidation and reduction reactions.cells differ in their ion concentrations, electrons flow to where there is greater concentration of ions

62
Q

what is an electrolytic cell?

A

when an external power source is attached to a galvanic cell and forces a reverse reactionhas negative emfcathode is -, anode is +

63
Q

in an electrochemical cell, if the potential is zero then Q=

A

Keq

64
Q

in an electrochemical cell at equilibrium, what is the voltage?

A

ZERO

Premed95 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions