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Medical Terminology > Chapters 3-4 > Flashcards

Chapters 3-4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Pertaining to (the period) around birth

A

Perinatal

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1
Q

Pertaining to (the period) before birth

A

Prenatal

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2
Q

Pertaining to (the period) after birth

A

Postnatal

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3
Q

Pertaining to above the stomach

A

Epigastric

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4
Q

Pertaining to under the skin

A

Hypodermic

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5
Q

Below the ribs

A

Infracostal

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6
Q

Under the nose

A

Subnasal

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7
Q

Between the ribs

A

Intercostal

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8
Q

Pertaining to (the period) after birth

A

Postnatal

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9
Q

Knowing before

A

Prognosis

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10
Q

Turning backwards

A

Retroversion

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11
Q

Pertaining to two sides

A

Bilateral

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12
Q

Double vision

A

Diplopia

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13
Q

Bacteria linked together in pairs

A

Diplobacterial

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14
Q

Paralysis of one side of the body

A

Hemiplegia

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15
Q

Excessive calcium in the blood

A

Hypercalcemia

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16
Q

Large cell

A

Macrocyte

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17
Q

Instrument for examining small (objects)

A

Microscope

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18
Q

One treatment

A

Monotherapy

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19
Q

Pertaining to one nucleus

A

Uninuclear

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20
Q

Woman who has been pregnant more than once

A

Multigravida

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21
Q

Fear of many things

A

Polyphobia

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22
Q

Woman during her first pregnancy

A

Primigravida

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23
Q

Paralysis of four limbs

A

Quadriplegia

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24
Q

Three heads

A

Triceps

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25
Q

Movement of a limb away from (an axis of) the body

A

Abduction

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26
Q

Movement of a limb toward (an axis of) the body

A

Adduction

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27
Q

Pertaining to around the kidney

A

Circumrenal

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28
Q

Pertaining to around a tooth

A

Periodontal

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29
Q

Flow through

A

Diarrhea

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30
Q

Pertaining to across or through the vagina

A

Transvaginal

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31
Q

Forming outside the body or structure

A

Ectogenous

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32
Q

Turning outward (of one or both eyes)

A

Exotropia

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33
Q

Outside the skull

A

Extracranial

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34
Q

Secrete within

A

Endocrine

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35
Q

Within the muscle

A

Intramuscular

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36
Q

Beside the nose

A

Paranasal

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37
Q

Pertaining to the upper part of a structure

A

Superior

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38
Q

Pertaining to above the kidney

A

Suprarenal

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39
Q

Pertaining to sound beyond (that which can be heard by the human ear)

A

Ultrasonic

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40
Q

Without a breast

A

Amastia

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41
Q

Without feeling

A

Anesthesia

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42
Q

Against bacteria

A

Antibacterial

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43
Q

Against conception or impregnation

A

Contraception

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44
Q

Slow heart rate

A

Bradycardia

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45
Q

Difficult childbirth

A

Dystocia

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46
Q

Normal breathing

A

Eupnea

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47
Q

Different transplant

A

Heterograft

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48
Q

Same transplant

A

Homograft

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49
Q

Formation of new tissue similar to that already existing in a part

A

Homeoplasia

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50
Q

Bad nutrition

A

Malnutrition

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51
Q

Inflammation of all (or many) joints

A

Panarthritis

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52
Q

False pregnancy

A

Pseudocyesis

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53
Q

Condition of joined fingers or toes

A

Syndactylism

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54
Q

Rapid breathing

A

Tachypnea

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55
Q

Dorsal Cavity

Cranial

A

Brain

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56
Q

Dorsal cavity

Spinal

A

Spinal cord

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57
Q

Ventral thoracic

A

Heart, lungs, and associated structures

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58
Q

Ventral cavity

Abdominopelvic

A

Digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures

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59
Q

Right lobe of liver, gallbladder, part of pancreas, part of small and large intestines

A

Right upper quadrant

RUQ

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60
Q

Left lobe of liver, stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, part of small intestine and large intestines

A

Left upper quadrant

LUQ

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61
Q

Part of small and large intestines, appendix, right ovary, right Fallopian tube, right ureter

A

Right lower quadrant

RLQ

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62
Q

Part of small and large intestines, left ovary, left Fallopian tube, left ureter

A

Left lower quadrant

LLQ

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63
Q

Upper left region between the ribs

A

Left hypochondriac region

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64
Q

Region above the stomach

A

Epigastric

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65
Q

Upper right region beneath the ribs

A

Right hypochondriac

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66
Q

Left middle lateral region

A

Left lumbar

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67
Q

Region of the navel

A

Umbilical

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68
Q

Right middle lateral region

A

Right lumbar

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69
Q

Left lower lateral region

A

Left inguinal (iliac)

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70
Q

Lower middle region beneath the navel

A

Hypogastric

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71
Q

Right lower lateral region

A

Right inguinal (iliac)

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72
Q

Pertaining to the midline of the body or structure

A

Medial

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73
Q

Pertaining to a side

A

Lateral

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74
Q

Toward the head or upper portion of a structure

A

Superior (cephalad)

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75
Q

Away from the head, or toward the tail or lower part of a structure

A

Inferior (caudal)

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76
Q

Nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body

A

Proximal

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77
Q

Further from the center (trunk of the body) or from the point of attachment to the body

A

Distal

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78
Q

Front of the body

A

Anterior (ventral)

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79
Q

Back of the body

A

Posterior (dorsal)

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80
Q

Pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity

A

Parietal

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81
Q

Pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, especially the abdominal organs

A

Visceral

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82
Q

Lying on the abdomen, face down

A

Prone

83
Q

Lying horizontally on the back, face up

A

Supine

84
Q

Turning inward or inside out

A

Inversion

85
Q

Turing outward

A

Eversion

86
Q

Pertaining to the palm of the hand

A

Palmar

87
Q

Pertaining to the sole of the foot

A

Plantar

88
Q

Toward the surface of the body (external)

A

Superficial

89
Q

Away from the surface of the body (interal)

A

Deep

90
Q

Specialist in study of cells

A

Cytologist

91
Q

Study of tissues

A

Histology

92
Q

Destruction of the nucleus

A

Karyolysis

93
Q

Pertaining to the nucleus

A

Nuclear

94
Q

Pertaining to the cranium

A

Cranial

95
Q

Pertaining to the abdomen

A

Abdominal

96
Q

Pertaining to the neck

A

Cervical

97
Q

Pertaining to (the area) below the stomach

A

Hypogastric

98
Q

Pertaining to the ilium

A

Ilial

99
Q

Pertaining to the groin

A

Inguinal

100
Q

Pertaining to the loins (lower back)

A

Lumbar

101
Q

Instrument for measuring the pelvis

A

Pelvimeter

102
Q

Pertaining to the pelvis

A

Pelvic

103
Q

Pertaining to the spine

A

Spinal

104
Q

Pertaining to the chest

A

Thoracic

105
Q

Condition of whiteness

A

Albinism

106
Q

White cell

A

Leukocyte

107
Q

Green vision

A

Chloropia

108
Q

Pertaining to different colors

A

Heterochromic

109
Q

Abnormal yellowing

A

Cirrhosis

110
Q

Yellowing

A

Jaundice

111
Q

Yellow cell

A

Xanthocyte

112
Q

Pertaining to blueness

A

Cyanotic

113
Q

Red cell

A

Erythrocyte

114
Q

Black tumor

A

Melanoma

115
Q

Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

A

Poliomyelitis

116
Q

Abnormal conditioning in which the extremities are blue

A

Acrocyanosis

117
Q

Study of the causes of disease

A

Etiology

118
Q

Pertaining to an unknown (cause of) disease

A

Idiopathic

119
Q

Study of form, shape, or structure

A

Morphology

120
Q

Specialist in the study of disease

A

Pathologist

121
Q

Specialist in the study of radiation

A

Radiologist

122
Q

Pertaining to the body

A

Somatic

123
Q

Process of recoding sound

A

Sonography

124
Q

Pertaining to internal organs

A

Visceral

125
Q

Abnormal condition of dryness

A

Xerosis

126
Q

Origin of disease

A

Pathogenesis

127
Q

Knowing before

A

Prognosis

128
Q

Record of an artery

A

Arteriogram

129
Q

Instrument for recording x-rays

A

Radiograph

130
Q

Process of recording a joint

A

Arthrography

131
Q

Specialist in the study of the skin

A

Dermatologist

132
Q

Study of blood

A

Hematology

133
Q

Instrument for measuring heat

A

Thermometer

134
Q

Act of measuring the ventricles

A

Ventriculometry

135
Q

Disease of the stomach

A

Gastropathy

136
Q

Different form or shape

A

Heteromorphous

137
Q

Formation of same (tissue)

A

Homeoplasia

138
Q

Pertaining to (the area) below the ribs

A

Infracostal

139
Q

Pertaining to (the area) around the heart

A

Pericardial

140
Q

Pertaining to (a direction) across or through the abdomen

A

Transabdominal

141
Q

Pertaining to beyond (audible) sound

A

Ultrasonic

142
Q

Abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated

A

Adhesion

143
Q

Substance analyzed or tested, generally by means of laboratory methods

A

Analyte

144
Q

Substance injected into the body (via catheter or swallowed) to facilitate radiographic images of internal structures

A

Contrast medium

145
Q

Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound

A

Dehiscence

146
Q

Feverish; pertaining to a fever

A

Febrile

147
Q

Relative constancy or balance in the internal environment of the body, maintained by processes of feedback and adjustment in response to external or internal changes

A

Homeostasis

148
Q

Body defense against injury, infection, or allergy that is marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain and, sometimes, loss of function

A

Inflammation

149
Q

Diseased; pertaining to a disease

A

Morbid

150
Q

Branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research

A

Nuclear medicine

151
Q

Medical specialty concerned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury

A

Radiology

152
Q

Radiological practice that employs fluoroscopy, CT, and ultrasound in non surgical treatment of various disorders

A

Interventional radiology

153
Q

Use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer

A

Therapeutic radiology

154
Q

Substances that emit radiation spontaneously

A

Radionuclides

155
Q

Radionuclide attached to a protein, sugar, or other substance used to visualize and organ or area of the body that will be scanned

A

Radiopharmaceutical

156
Q

Term used to describe a computerized image by modality (such as CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging) or by structure (such as thyroid and bone)

A

Scan

157
Q

Pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms and their products in the bloodstream

A

Sepsis

158
Q

Producing or associated with generation of pus

A

Suppurative

159
Q

Visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope

A

Endoscopy

160
Q

Visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen through very small incisions in the abdominal wall

A

Laparoscopy

161
Q

Examination of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs

A

Thoracoscopy

162
Q

Common blood test that enumerates RBCs, WBCs, and platelets; measures hemoglobin; estimates red cell volume; and sorts white blood cells into five subtypes with their percentages

A

Complete blood count

CBC

163
Q

Common urine screening test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine

A

Urinalysis

UA

164
Q

Imaging technique achieved by rotating an x ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles

A

Computed tomography

CT

165
Q

Ultrasound technique used to detect and measure blood flow velocity and direction through the cardiac chambers, valves, and peripheral vessels by reflecting sound waves off moving blood cells

A

Doppler

166
Q

Radiographic technique in which x rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion images of internal structures

A

Fluoroscopy

167
Q

Noninvasive imaging technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field rather than an x ray beam to produce multiplanar cross sectional images

A

Magnetic resonance imaging

MRI

168
Q

Diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material called a tracer that is introduced into the body and a specialized camera to produce images of organs and structures

A

Nuclear scan

169
Q

Scanning technique using computed tomography to record the positrons emitted from a radiopharmaceutical, that produces a cross sectional image of metabolic activity in body tissues to determine the presence of disease

A

Positron emission tomography

PET

170
Q

Imaging technique that uses x rays passed through the body or area and captured on a film

A

Radiography

171
Q

Radiological technique that integrates computed tomography (CT) and a radioactive material (tracer) injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs

A

Single photon emission computed tomography

SPECT

172
Q

Radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross section, or slice, of an area, tissue, or organ at a predetermined depth

A

Tomography

173
Q

Imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves that display related “echoes” on a monitor

A

Ultrasonography

US

174
Q

Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis

A

Biopsy

175
Q

Ultra thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

A

Frozen section

FS

176
Q

Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe

A

Needle biopsy

177
Q

Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow instrument

A

Punch

178
Q

Removal of tissue using a surgical blade to shave elevated lesions

A

Shave

179
Q

Removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency (RF)

A

Ablation

180
Q

Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

A

Anastomosis

181
Q

Destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals

A

Cauterize

182
Q

Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon shaped instrument called a curette

A

Curettage

183
Q

Incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity

A

Incision and drainage

(I&D)

184
Q

Surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues

A

Laser surgery

185
Q

Surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant and decrease the chance of recurrence

A

Radical dissection

186
Q

Partial excision of a bone, organ, or other structure

A

Resection

187
Q

Anterior*

A

ant

188
Q

Anteroposterior*

A

AP

189
Q

Biopsy*

A

Bx, bx

190
Q

Complete blood count*

A

CBC

191
Q

Computed tomography*

A

CT

192
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

DNA

193
Q

Digital subtraction angiography

A

DSA

194
Q

Diagnosis*

A

Dx

195
Q

Frozen section*

A

FS

196
Q

Incision and drainage*

A

I&D

197
Q

Lateral*

A

LAT, lat

198
Q

Posterior*

A

post

199
Q

Rheumatoid factor; radio frequency*

A

RF

200
Q

Sonogram*

A

sono

201
Q

Symptom*

A

Sx

202
Q

Treatment*

A

Tx

203
Q

Upper and lower*

A

U&L, U/L

204
Q

Difficult digestion

A

Dyspepsia

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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