Chapters 3-4 Flashcards
Pertaining to (the period) around birth
Perinatal
Pertaining to (the period) before birth
Prenatal
Pertaining to (the period) after birth
Postnatal
Pertaining to above the stomach
Epigastric
Pertaining to under the skin
Hypodermic
Below the ribs
Infracostal
Under the nose
Subnasal
Between the ribs
Intercostal
Pertaining to (the period) after birth
Postnatal
Knowing before
Prognosis
Turning backwards
Retroversion
Pertaining to two sides
Bilateral
Double vision
Diplopia
Bacteria linked together in pairs
Diplobacterial
Paralysis of one side of the body
Hemiplegia
Excessive calcium in the blood
Hypercalcemia
Large cell
Macrocyte
Instrument for examining small (objects)
Microscope
One treatment
Monotherapy
Pertaining to one nucleus
Uninuclear
Woman who has been pregnant more than once
Multigravida
Fear of many things
Polyphobia
Woman during her first pregnancy
Primigravida
Paralysis of four limbs
Quadriplegia
Three heads
Triceps
Movement of a limb away from (an axis of) the body
Abduction
Movement of a limb toward (an axis of) the body
Adduction
Pertaining to around the kidney
Circumrenal
Pertaining to around a tooth
Periodontal
Flow through
Diarrhea
Pertaining to across or through the vagina
Transvaginal
Forming outside the body or structure
Ectogenous
Turning outward (of one or both eyes)
Exotropia
Outside the skull
Extracranial
Secrete within
Endocrine
Within the muscle
Intramuscular
Beside the nose
Paranasal
Pertaining to the upper part of a structure
Superior
Pertaining to above the kidney
Suprarenal
Pertaining to sound beyond (that which can be heard by the human ear)
Ultrasonic
Without a breast
Amastia
Without feeling
Anesthesia
Against bacteria
Antibacterial
Against conception or impregnation
Contraception
Slow heart rate
Bradycardia
Difficult childbirth
Dystocia
Normal breathing
Eupnea
Different transplant
Heterograft
Same transplant
Homograft
Formation of new tissue similar to that already existing in a part
Homeoplasia
Bad nutrition
Malnutrition
Inflammation of all (or many) joints
Panarthritis
False pregnancy
Pseudocyesis
Condition of joined fingers or toes
Syndactylism
Rapid breathing
Tachypnea
Dorsal Cavity
Cranial
Brain
Dorsal cavity
Spinal
Spinal cord
Ventral thoracic
Heart, lungs, and associated structures
Ventral cavity
Abdominopelvic
Digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures
Right lobe of liver, gallbladder, part of pancreas, part of small and large intestines
Right upper quadrant
RUQ
Left lobe of liver, stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, part of small intestine and large intestines
Left upper quadrant
LUQ
Part of small and large intestines, appendix, right ovary, right Fallopian tube, right ureter
Right lower quadrant
RLQ
Part of small and large intestines, left ovary, left Fallopian tube, left ureter
Left lower quadrant
LLQ
Upper left region between the ribs
Left hypochondriac region
Region above the stomach
Epigastric
Upper right region beneath the ribs
Right hypochondriac
Left middle lateral region
Left lumbar
Region of the navel
Umbilical
Right middle lateral region
Right lumbar
Left lower lateral region
Left inguinal (iliac)
Lower middle region beneath the navel
Hypogastric
Right lower lateral region
Right inguinal (iliac)
Pertaining to the midline of the body or structure
Medial
Pertaining to a side
Lateral
Toward the head or upper portion of a structure
Superior (cephalad)
Away from the head, or toward the tail or lower part of a structure
Inferior (caudal)
Nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body
Proximal
Further from the center (trunk of the body) or from the point of attachment to the body
Distal
Front of the body
Anterior (ventral)
Back of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
Pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity
Parietal
Pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, especially the abdominal organs
Visceral
Lying on the abdomen, face down
Prone
Lying horizontally on the back, face up
Supine
Turning inward or inside out
Inversion
Turing outward
Eversion
Pertaining to the palm of the hand
Palmar
Pertaining to the sole of the foot
Plantar
Toward the surface of the body (external)
Superficial
Away from the surface of the body (interal)
Deep
Specialist in study of cells
Cytologist
Study of tissues
Histology
Destruction of the nucleus
Karyolysis
Pertaining to the nucleus
Nuclear
Pertaining to the cranium
Cranial
Pertaining to the abdomen
Abdominal
Pertaining to the neck
Cervical
Pertaining to (the area) below the stomach
Hypogastric
Pertaining to the ilium
Ilial
Pertaining to the groin
Inguinal
Pertaining to the loins (lower back)
Lumbar
Instrument for measuring the pelvis
Pelvimeter
Pertaining to the pelvis
Pelvic
Pertaining to the spine
Spinal
Pertaining to the chest
Thoracic
Condition of whiteness
Albinism
White cell
Leukocyte
Green vision
Chloropia
Pertaining to different colors
Heterochromic
Abnormal yellowing
Cirrhosis
Yellowing
Jaundice
Yellow cell
Xanthocyte
Pertaining to blueness
Cyanotic
Red cell
Erythrocyte
Black tumor
Melanoma
Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
Poliomyelitis
Abnormal conditioning in which the extremities are blue
Acrocyanosis
Study of the causes of disease
Etiology
Pertaining to an unknown (cause of) disease
Idiopathic
Study of form, shape, or structure
Morphology
Specialist in the study of disease
Pathologist
Specialist in the study of radiation
Radiologist
Pertaining to the body
Somatic
Process of recoding sound
Sonography
Pertaining to internal organs
Visceral
Abnormal condition of dryness
Xerosis
Origin of disease
Pathogenesis
Knowing before
Prognosis
Record of an artery
Arteriogram
Instrument for recording x-rays
Radiograph
Process of recording a joint
Arthrography
Specialist in the study of the skin
Dermatologist
Study of blood
Hematology
Instrument for measuring heat
Thermometer
Act of measuring the ventricles
Ventriculometry
Disease of the stomach
Gastropathy
Different form or shape
Heteromorphous
Formation of same (tissue)
Homeoplasia
Pertaining to (the area) below the ribs
Infracostal
Pertaining to (the area) around the heart
Pericardial
Pertaining to (a direction) across or through the abdomen
Transabdominal
Pertaining to beyond (audible) sound
Ultrasonic
Abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated
Adhesion
Substance analyzed or tested, generally by means of laboratory methods
Analyte
Substance injected into the body (via catheter or swallowed) to facilitate radiographic images of internal structures
Contrast medium
Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound
Dehiscence
Feverish; pertaining to a fever
Febrile
Relative constancy or balance in the internal environment of the body, maintained by processes of feedback and adjustment in response to external or internal changes
Homeostasis
Body defense against injury, infection, or allergy that is marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain and, sometimes, loss of function
Inflammation
Diseased; pertaining to a disease
Morbid
Branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research
Nuclear medicine
Medical specialty concerned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury
Radiology
Radiological practice that employs fluoroscopy, CT, and ultrasound in non surgical treatment of various disorders
Interventional radiology
Use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer
Therapeutic radiology
Substances that emit radiation spontaneously
Radionuclides
Radionuclide attached to a protein, sugar, or other substance used to visualize and organ or area of the body that will be scanned
Radiopharmaceutical
Term used to describe a computerized image by modality (such as CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging) or by structure (such as thyroid and bone)
Scan
Pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms and their products in the bloodstream
Sepsis
Producing or associated with generation of pus
Suppurative
Visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
Endoscopy
Visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen through very small incisions in the abdominal wall
Laparoscopy
Examination of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs
Thoracoscopy
Common blood test that enumerates RBCs, WBCs, and platelets; measures hemoglobin; estimates red cell volume; and sorts white blood cells into five subtypes with their percentages
Complete blood count
CBC
Common urine screening test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine
Urinalysis
UA
Imaging technique achieved by rotating an x ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles
Computed tomography
CT
Ultrasound technique used to detect and measure blood flow velocity and direction through the cardiac chambers, valves, and peripheral vessels by reflecting sound waves off moving blood cells
Doppler
Radiographic technique in which x rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion images of internal structures
Fluoroscopy
Noninvasive imaging technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field rather than an x ray beam to produce multiplanar cross sectional images
Magnetic resonance imaging
MRI
Diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material called a tracer that is introduced into the body and a specialized camera to produce images of organs and structures
Nuclear scan
Scanning technique using computed tomography to record the positrons emitted from a radiopharmaceutical, that produces a cross sectional image of metabolic activity in body tissues to determine the presence of disease
Positron emission tomography
PET
Imaging technique that uses x rays passed through the body or area and captured on a film
Radiography
Radiological technique that integrates computed tomography (CT) and a radioactive material (tracer) injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs
Single photon emission computed tomography
SPECT
Radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross section, or slice, of an area, tissue, or organ at a predetermined depth
Tomography
Imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves that display related “echoes” on a monitor
Ultrasonography
US
Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis
Biopsy
Ultra thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination
Frozen section
FS
Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe
Needle biopsy
Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow instrument
Punch
Removal of tissue using a surgical blade to shave elevated lesions
Shave
Removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency (RF)
Ablation
Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
Anastomosis
Destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals
Cauterize
Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon shaped instrument called a curette
Curettage
Incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity
Incision and drainage
(I&D)
Surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues
Laser surgery
Surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant and decrease the chance of recurrence
Radical dissection
Partial excision of a bone, organ, or other structure
Resection
Anterior*
ant
Anteroposterior*
AP
Biopsy*
Bx, bx
Complete blood count*
CBC
Computed tomography*
CT
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Digital subtraction angiography
DSA
Diagnosis*
Dx
Frozen section*
FS
Incision and drainage*
I&D
Lateral*
LAT, lat
Posterior*
post
Rheumatoid factor; radio frequency*
RF
Sonogram*
sono
Symptom*
Sx
Treatment*
Tx
Upper and lower*
U&L, U/L
Difficult digestion
Dyspepsia
