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Medical Terminology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Very small duct

A

Ductule

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1
Q

An agent (usually a hormone) that stimulates development of male characteristics

A

Androgen

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2
Q

Regulatory mechanisms of the body that control temperature, acidity, and the concentration of salt, food, and waste products

A

Homeostasis

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3
Q

Pouch of skin in the male that contains the testicles

A

Scrotum

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4
Q

Abnormal condition of fat

A

Adiposis

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5
Q

Hernia containing fat

A

Lipocele

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6
Q

Inflammation of adipose tissue

A

Steatitis

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7
Q

Pertaining to beneath the skin

A

Subcutaneous

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8
Q

Surgical repair of the skin

A

Dermatoplasty

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9
Q

Pertaining to under the skin

A

Hypodermic

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10
Q

Inflammation of the sweat glands

A

Hidradenitis

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11
Q

Profuse sweating

A

Sudoresis

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12
Q

Abnormal condition of dry or scaly skin

A

Ichthyosis

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13
Q

Abnormal condition of horny tissue

A

Keratosis

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14
Q

Black tumor

A

Melanoma

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15
Q

Fungal infection of the skin

A

Dermatomycosis

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16
Q

Softening of the nails

A

Onychomalacia

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17
Q

Pertaining to the nails

A

Ungual

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18
Q

Pertaining to hair in a nest

A

Pilonidal

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19
Q

Disease involving the hair

A

Trichopathy

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20
Q

Hardening of the skin

A

Scleroderma

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21
Q

Discharge of sebum

A

Seborrhea

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22
Q

Pertaining to scales (covered with scales)

A

Squamous

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23
Q

Skin transplantation from a foreign donor (usually a pig) for a human; also called heterograft

A

Xenograft

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24
Q

Dry skin

A

Xeroderma

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25
Q

Fat cell

A

Lipocyte

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26
Q

Pus in the skin

A

Pyoderma

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27
Q

Specialist in the treatment of skin disorders

A

Dermatologist

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28
Q

Study of the skin (and its diseases)

A

Dermatology

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29
Q

Use of cold in the treatment of disease

A

Cryotherapy

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30
Q

Abnormal condition of absence of sweat

A

Anhidrosis

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31
Q

Excessive or profuse sweating

A

Diaphoresis

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32
Q

Above the skin

A

Epidermis

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33
Q

Transplantation of tissue between individuals of the same species

A

Homograft

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34
Q

Excessive or profuse sweating

A

Hyperhidrosis

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35
Q

Pertaining to beneath the nail of a finger or toe

A

Subungual

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36
Q

Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (characteristically a staphylococcal infection)

A

Abscess

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37
Q

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads (comedos), inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts; usually associated with seborrhea

A

Acne

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38
Q

Partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anti cancer medication, or a skin disease, commonly called baldness

A

Alopecia

39
Q

Form of intrepidermal carcinoma (squamous cell) characterized by red-brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis

A

Bowen disease

40
Q

Diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

A

Cellulitis

41
Q

Pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots

A

Chloasma

42
Q

Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

A

Comedo

43
Q

Infection of the skin caused by fungi

A

Dermatomycosis

44
Q

Skin discoloration of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow; commonly called a bruise

A

Ecchymosis

45
Q

Chronic skin inflammation characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, scabs, and possibly itching

A

Eczema

46
Q

Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

A

Erythema

47
Q

Damaged tissue following a severe burn

A

Eschar

48
Q

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

A

Impetigo

49
Q

Thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or wart)

A

Keratosis

50
Q

Small brown macules, especially in the face and arms, brought n by sun exposure, usually in a middle aged or older person

A

Lentigo

51
Q

Unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin

A

Pallor

52
Q

Infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of brushes, combs or headgear

A

Pediculosis

53
Q

Minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

A

Petechia

54
Q

Skin ulceration caused by prolong pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in bedridden patients

A

Pressure ulcer

55
Q

Intense itching

A

Pruritus

56
Q

Chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery, adherent scales caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis

A

Psoriasis

57
Q

Any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymoses or petechiae

A

Purpura

58
Q

Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact

A

Scabies

59
Q

Fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm

A

Tinea

60
Q

Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives

A

Urticaria

61
Q

Epidermal growth caused by a virus; also knows as warts.

A

Verruca

Types: plantar, juvenile, venereal

62
Q

Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk white patches

A

Vitiligo

63
Q

Any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patients sensitivity to it

A

Skin test (ST)

64
Q

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction [diphtheria (Schick test) or tuberculosis (Mantoux)]

A

Intradermal skin test

65
Q

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by topical application of the substance to be tested (such as food, pollen, and animal fur), usually on the forearm, and observing for a subsequent reaction

A

Patch skin test

66
Q

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin

A

Scratch (prick)

67
Q

Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination

A

Biopsy

68
Q

Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe

A

Needle biopsy

69
Q

Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow punch

A

Punch biopsy

70
Q

Removal of surgical blade is used to remove elevated lesions

A

Shave biopsy

71
Q

Ultra thin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

A

Frozen section FS biopsy

72
Q

Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses

A

Chemical peel

73
Q

Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents

A

Debridement

74
Q

Rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away the epidermis

A

Dermabrasion

75
Q

Tissue destruction by means of high frequency electric current

A

Fulguration

76
Q

Use of sub freezing temperature to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue

A

Cryosurgery

77
Q

Surgical procedure to transplant healthy tissue by applying it to an injured site

A

Skin graft

78
Q

Process of cutting through a lesion such as an abscess and draining its contents

A

Incision and drainage (I&D)

79
Q

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another

A

Allograft

80
Q

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

A

Autograft

81
Q

Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

A

Synthetic

82
Q

Alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity, resulting in cell death

A

Antifungals

83
Q

Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune systems inflammatory response to tissue damage

A

Corticosteroids

84
Q

Destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed

A

Keratolytics

85
Q

Agents that kill parasitic skin infestations

A

Parasiticide

95
Q

Excision of fat

A

Lipectomy

96
Q

Removal of a nail

A

Onychectomy

97
Q

Incision of a nail

A

Onychotomy

141
Q

Instrument used to incise skin

A

Dermatome

142
Q

Abnormal condition of nails

A

Onychosis

143
Q

Abnormal condition of the nails caused by fungus

A

Onychomycosis

144
Q

Abnormal condition of a hidden/ingrown nail

A

Onychocryptosis

175
Q

Resembling fat

A

Adipoid

176
Q

Tumor of the nails

A

Onychoma

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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