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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

exacerbations

A

periods of flare-up

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2
Q

hemoglobinopathy

A

any disorder due to abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule

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3
Q

bacteremia

A

presence of bacteria in the blood

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4
Q

aplastic anemia

A

associated with bone marrow failure

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5
Q

active

A

type of immunity where memory cells are formed

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6
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

malignancy of connective tissue commonly associated with HIV

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7
Q

normocytic

A

used to denote an erythrocyte that is normal in size

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8
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

swollen or diseased lymph glands

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9
Q

immunocompromised

A

term that denotes a weakened immune system

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10
Q

hemophilia

A

blood-clotting disorder

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11
Q

infectious mononucleosis

A

common viral disorder caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

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12
Q

myelogenous

A

leukemia that affects granulocytes

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13
Q

passive

A

type of immunity where memory cells are not transferred to the recipient

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14
Q

artificial

A

type of passive immunity where medical intervention is required

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15
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin

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16
Q

hematoma

A

localized accumulation of blood tissue; blood clot

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17
Q

graft rejection

A

destruction of a transplanted organ or tissue by the recipient’s immune system

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18
Q

anisocytosis

A

condition of marked variation in the size of erythrocytes

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19
Q

opportunistic infection

A

disease that normally does not infect a healthy individual

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20
Q

septicemia

A

blood infection

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21
Q

aspiration

A

drawing in or out by suction

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22
Q

hematocrit

A

measurement of erythrocytes expressed as a percentage in a whole blood sample

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23
Q

Monospot

A

serologic test for infectious mononucleosis

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24
Q

anticoagulants

A

used to prevent blood clot formation

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25
Q

WBC

A

leukocyte

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26
Q

homologous

A

term used to describe a transplantation from another individual

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27
Q

lymphangiectomy

A

removal of a lymph vessel

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28
Q

RBC indices

A

mathematical calculation of size, volume, and concentration of hemoglobin for an average RBC

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29
Q

Shilling

A

definitive test for pernicious anemia

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30
Q

lymphadenography

A

radiographic examination of lymph nodes

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31
Q

autologous

A

term used to describe a transfusion from the patient’s own blood

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32
Q

sentinel

A

first lymph node that receives drainage from cancer containing areas

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33
Q

RBC

A

erythrocyte

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34
Q

thrombolytics

A

used to dissolve blood clots

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35
Q

differential

A

test to enumerate the distribution of WBCs in a stained blood smear

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36
Q

ambulating

A

moving from place to place

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37
Q

analgesia

A

absence of sensibility to pain

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38
Q

anemia

A

a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume

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39
Q

crisis

A

a paroxysmal attack of pain, distress, or disordered function

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40
Q

hemoglobin

A

the oxygen-carrying pigment of erythrocytes, formed by developing erythrocytes in the bone marrow

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41
Q

ileus

A

results when the intestinal contents back up because peristalsis fails

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42
Q

infarction

A

a localized area of ischemic necrosis produced by occlusion of the arterial supply or the venous drainage of the part

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43
Q

morphine

A

an analgesic and sedative

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44
Q

sickle cell

A

an abnormal red blood cell of crescent shape

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45
Q

splenectomy

A

surgical excision of the spleen

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46
Q

Vicodin

A

derivative of codeine that is about six times more potent than codeine

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47
Q

alveolar lavage

A

cells and fluid from lung alveoli are removed for diagnosis of disease or evaluation of treatment

48
Q

Bactrim

A

trademark for a fixed-combination drug containing two antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) commonly prescribed to treat urinary tract infection

49
Q

bronchoscopy

A

the use of a bronchoscope in the examination or treatment of the bronchi

50
Q

diffuse

A

not concentrated or localized

51
Q

HIV

A

any of several retroviruses and especially HIV-1 that infect and destroy helper T cells of the immune system causing the marked reduction in their numbers that is diagnostic of AIDS

52
Q

infiltrate

A

to enter, permeate, or pass through a substance or area

53
Q

leukoencephalopathy

A

any of various diseases affecting the brain’s white matter

54
Q

multifocal

A

damage caused by the disease occurs at multiple sites

55
Q

PCP

A

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; An opportunistic infection caused by a fungus that is a major cause of death in patients with late-stage AIDS

56
Q

PMN

A

having a nucleus so deeply lobed or so divided as to appear to be multiple

57
Q

thrush

A

disease of the oral mucous membranes, usually seen in sick, weak infants, or persons who are debilitated or immunocompromised, characterized by creamy white plaques resembling milk curds, which if stripped away leave raw bleeding surfaces

58
Q

vaginal candidiasis

A

candidal infection of the vagina, and usually also the vulva, commonly characterized by pruritus, creamy white discharge, vulvar erythema and swelling, and dyspareunia

59
Q

periods of flare-up

A

exacerbations

60
Q

any disorder due to abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule

A

hemoglobinopathy

61
Q

presence of bacteria in the blood

A

bacteremia

62
Q

associated with bone marrow failure

A

aplastic anemia

63
Q

type of immunity where memory cells are formed

A

active

64
Q

malignancy of connective tissue commonly associated with HIV

A

Kaposi sarcoma

65
Q

used to denote an erythrocyte that is normal in size

A

normocytic

66
Q

swollen or diseased lymph glands

A

lymphadenopathy

67
Q

term that denotes a weakened immune system

A

immunocompromised

68
Q

blood-clotting disorder

A

hemophilia

69
Q

common viral disorder caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

A

infectious mononucleosis

70
Q

leukemia that affects granulocytes

A

myelogenous

71
Q

type of immunity where memory cells are not transferred to the recipient

A

passive

72
Q

type of passive immunity where medical intervention is required

A

artificial

73
Q

destruction of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin

A

hemolysis

74
Q

localized accumulation of blood tissue; blood clot

A

hematoma

75
Q

destruction of a transplanted organ or tissue by the recipient’s immune system

A

graft rejection

76
Q

condition of marked variation in the size of erythrocytes

A

anisocytosis

77
Q

disease that normally does not infect a healthy individual

A

opportunistic infection

78
Q

blood infection

A

septicemia

79
Q

drawing in or out by suction

A

aspiration

80
Q

measurement of erythrocytes expressed as a percentage in a whole blood sample

A

hematocrit

81
Q

serologic test for infectious mononucleosis

A

Monospot

82
Q

used to prevent blood clot formation

A

anticoagulants

83
Q

leukocyte

A

WBC

84
Q

term used to describe a transplantation from another individual

A

homologous

85
Q

removal of a lymph vessel

A

lymphangiectomy

86
Q

mathematical calculation of size, volume, and concentration of hemoglobin for an average RBC

A

RBC indices

87
Q

definitive test for pernicious anemia

A

Shilling

88
Q

radiographic examination of lymph nodes

A

lymphadenography

89
Q

term used to describe a transfusion from the patient’s own blood

A

autologous

90
Q

first lymph node that receives drainage from cancer containing areas

A

sentinel

91
Q

erythrocyte

A

RBC

92
Q

used to dissolve blood clots

A

thrombolytics

93
Q

test to enumerate the distribution of WBCs in a stained blood smear

A

differential

94
Q

moving from place to place

A

ambulating

95
Q

absence of sensibility to pain

A

analgesia

96
Q

a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume

A

anemia

97
Q

a paroxysmal attack of pain, distress, or disordered function

A

crisis

98
Q

he oxygen-carrying pigment of erythrocytes, formed by developing erythrocytes in the bone marrow

A

hemoglobin

99
Q

results when the intestinal contents back up because peristalsis fails

A

ileus

100
Q

a localized area of ischemic necrosis produced by occlusion of the arterial supply or the venous drainage of the part

A

infarction

101
Q

an analgesic and sedative

A

morphine

102
Q

an abnormal red blood cell of crescent shape

A

sickle cell

103
Q

surgical excision of the spleen

A

splenectomy

104
Q

erivative of codeine that is about six times more potent than codeine

A

Vicodin

105
Q

cells and fluid from lung alveoli are removed for diagnosis of disease or evaluation of treatment

A

alveolar lavage

106
Q

trademark for a fixed-combination drug containing two antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) commonly prescribed to treat urinary tract infection

A

Bactrim

107
Q

he use of a bronchoscope in the examination or treatment of the bronchi

A

bronchoscopy

108
Q

not concentrated or localized

A

diffuse

109
Q

ny of several retroviruses and especially HIV-1 that infect and destroy helper T cells of the immune system causing the marked reduction in their numbers that is diagnostic of AIDS

A

HIV

110
Q

to enter, permeate, or pass through a substance or area

A

infiltrate

111
Q

any of various diseases affecting the brain’s white matter

A

leukoencephalopathy

112
Q

amage caused by the disease occurs at multiple sites

A

multifocal

113
Q

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; An opportunistic infection caused by a fungus that is a major cause of death in patients with late-stage AIDS

A

PCP

114
Q

having a nucleus so deeply lobed or so divided as to appear to be multiple

A

PMN

115
Q

of the oral mucous membranes, usually seen in sick, weak infants, or persons who are debilitated or immunocompromised, characterized by creamy white plaques resembling milk curds, which if stripped away leave raw bleeding surfaces

A

thrush

116
Q

andidal infection of the vagina, and usually also the vulva, commonly characterized by pruritus, creamy white discharge, vulvar erythema and swelling, and dyspareunia

A

vaginal candidiasis

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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