CA III FInal Flashcards
malignant neoplastic disorder of lymphoid tissue (not related to Hodgkin disease)
lymphosarcoma
serious, life threatening bloodstream infection that may arise from other infections throughout the body; aka blood infection or blood poisoning
septicemia
laboratory test to detect the presence of antibodies, antigens, or immune substances
serology
blood test that measures the amount of antibodies in the blood; commonly used as an indicator of immune status
titer
test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream
blood culture
series of tests that includes hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC, WBC, and platelet counts, differential WBC count, RBC indices, and RBC/WBC morphology
complete blood count (CBC)
test that enumerates the distribution of WBCs in a stained blood smear by counting the different kinds of WBCs and reporting each as a percentage of the total examined
differential count (diff)
measurement of the distance RBCs settle to the bottom of a test tube under standardized condition
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
measurement of the amount of hemoglobin found in a whole blood sample
hemoglobin (Hgb) value
measurement of the percentage of RBCs in a whole blood sample
hematocrit (Hct)
non-specific rapid serological test for infectious mononucleosis; aka heterophile antibody test
Monospot
measures the length of time it takes blood to clot. Screens for deficiencies of some clotting factors and monitors the effectiveness of anticoagulant (heparin) therapy
partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
measures the time it takes for the plasma portion of blood to clot. used to evaluate portions of the coagulation system
prothrombin time (PT)
mathematical calculation of size, volume, and concentration of hemoglobin for a RBC
red blood cell indices
used to assess the absorption of radioactive vitamin B12 by the digestive system
Schilling test
radiographic examination of lymph nodes after injection of a contrast medium
lymphadenography
radiographic examination of lymph vessels of tissues after injection of a contrast medium
lymphangiography
drawing in or out by suction
aspiration
uses a syringe w a thin aspirating needle inserted (usually into the pelvic bone) to withdraw a small sample of bone marrow fluid for microscopic examination
bone marrow aspiration
representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis
biopsy
removal of a small core sample of tissue from bone marrow for examination under a microscope
bone marrow biopsy
removal of the sentinel node that receives drainage from cancer-containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells
sentinel node biopsy
removal of a lymph vessel
lymphangiectomy
infusion of blood or blood components into the bloodstream
transfusion
transfusion prepared from the recipients own blood
autologous transfusion
transfusion prepared from another individual whose blood is compatible with that of the recipient
homologous transfusion
grafting of living tissue from its normal position to another site or from one person to another
transplantation
harvesting, freezing, and reinfusing the patients own bone marrow to treat bone marrow hypoplasia following cancer therapy
autologous bone marrow transplantation
transplantation of bone marrow from one individual to another to treat aplastic anemia, leukemia, and immunodeficiency disorders
homologous bone marrow transplantation
repeated inability to initiate or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse
erectile dysfunction (ED)
accumulation of serous fluid in a saclike cavity, especially in the testis and associated structures
hydrocele
developmental anomaly in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis, or in extreme cases on the perineum
hypospadias
stenosis or narrowing of the preputial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis
phimosis
inability to produce offspring; in the male, inability to fertilize the ovum
sterility
swelling and distension of veins of the spermatic cord
varicocele
screening test that assesses the rectal wall surface for lesions or abnormally firm areas that might indicate cancer
digital rectal examination (DRE)
measures the contraction of muscles that control urination using electrodes placed in the rectum and urethra
electromyography (EMG)
self-examination of the testes for abnormal lumps or swellings in the scrotal sac
testicular self-examination (TSE)
endoscopy of the urinary bladder for evidence of pathology, obtaining biopsies of tumors or other growths, and removal of polyps
cystoscopy
endoscopy of the kidneys
nephroscopy
endoscopy of the urethra, typically for lithotripsy or TURP
urethroscopy
test that determines the amount of urea nitrogen, a waste product of protein metabolism, present in a blood sample
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
test that determines the causative organism of a disease and how the organism responds to various antibiotics
culture and sensitivity (C&S)
blood test used to detect prostatic disorders, especially prostatic cancer
prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
test that analyzes a semen sample for volume, sperm count, motility, and morphology to evaluate fertility or verify sterilization after a vasectomy
semen analysis
battery of tests performed on a urine specimen, including physical observation, chemical tests, and microscopic evaluation
urinalysis (UA)
imaging technique that rotates an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measures the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles
computed tomography (CT)
radiographic examination of the urinary bladder using a contrast medium
cystography
procedure that assesses volume and pressure in the bladder at various stages of filling using saline and a contrast medium introduced into the bladder through a catheter
cystometrography
radiographic examination of the kidneys, and urinary tract after IV injection of a contrast medium
intravenous pyelography
radiographic examination to determine the size, location, size, shape of the kidneys in relationship to other organs in the abdominopelvic cavity
kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) radiography
radiology test in which radioactive materials called tracers are introduced into the patient and a specialized camera produces images by recording emitted tracers
nuclear scan
radiograph that uses high frequency sound waves and displays the reflected echoes on a monitor
ultrasound (US)
radiological exam of the bladder and urethra performed before, during, and after voiding using a contrast medium
voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)
medical procedure used to filter toxic substances from the patients bloodstream, such as excess electrolytes and nitrogenous wastes
dialysis
method of removing waste substances from the blood by shunting it from the body, passing it through an artificial kidney machine where it is filtered, and returning the dialyzed blood to the patient’s body
hemodialysis
removal of toxic substances from the body by perfusing the peritoneal cavity with a warm, sterile chemical solution
peritoneal dialysis
removal of all or part of the foreskin
circumcision
fixation of a floating or mobile kidney
nephropexy
removal of one or both testes
orchidectomy
procedure that involves inserting a retroscope into the urethra to “chip away” at the prostate gland to remove the obstruction and flushing out the chips and sending them for analysis to detect possible evidence of cancer
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
incision of a urethral stricture
urethrotomy
excision of all or a segment of the vas deferens
vasectomy
