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DANB RHS Exam (new) > Chapters 18, 24: Introduction to Dental Imaging Exams & Imaging Patients with Special Needs > Flashcards

Chapters 18, 24: Introduction to Dental Imaging Exams & Imaging Patients with Special Needs Flashcards

1
Q

Define the term: adjacent / proximal

A

objects next to/touching each other

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2
Q

Define the term: beam alignment device

A
  • a device used to align the position-indicating device in relation to tooth and image receptor
  • positions the intraoral image receptor in the mouth and retains the image receptor in position during exposure
  • helps stabilize the image receptor in the mouth and reduces the chances of movement, thus reducing the patient’s exposure to x-radiation
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3
Q

Define the term: bisecting technique

A
  • an intraoral imaging technique used to expose periapical receptors
  • the image receptor is placed along the lingual surface of the tooth, the central ray of the x-ray beam is directed perpendicular to the imaginary bisector formed by the image receptor and the long axis of the tooth
  • receptor holder is used to stabilize the image receptor
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4
Q

Define the term: bite-wing image

A

intraoral image that is used to examine the interproximal surfaces of teeth

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5
Q

Define the term: bite-wing receptor

A

an intraoral image receptor used to examine the crowns of both maxillary and mandibular teeth on one image

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6
Q

Define the term: bite-wing technique / interproximal technique

A

an intraoral imaging technique in which the interproximal surfaces of teeth are examined

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7
Q

Define the term: cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)

A

computer-assisted digital imaging in dentistry that uses a cone-shaped x-ray beam to acquire information and present it in three dimensions

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8
Q

Define the term: dental image

A

a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional object produced by the passage of x-rays through teeth and supporting structures

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9
Q

Define the term: dental imaging

A

the creation of digital representation of anatomic structures for the purpose of diagnosis

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10
Q

Define the term: dental pediatrics

A

the branch of dentistry dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases in children

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11
Q

Define the term: developmental disability

A

a substantial impairment of mental or physical functioning that occurs before age 22 and is of indefinite duration

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12
Q

Define the term: diagnosis

A

identification of a disease by examination or analysis

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13
Q

Define the term: diagnostic image

A

a dental image that allows for the identifying and monitoring of diseases or injuries

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14
Q

Define the term: digital image

A

an image composed of pixels

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15
Q

Define the term: disability

A

a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of an individual’s major life activities

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16
Q

Define the term: edentulous

A
  • without teeth
  • an area where teeth are no longer present
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17
Q

Define the term: edentulous patient

A

a patient without teeth

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18
Q

Define the term: edentulous zone

A

an area where teeth are no longer present

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19
Q

Define the term: endodontic

A

found within a tooth

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20
Q

Define the term: endodontic patient

A

a patient who has undergone endodontic therapy

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21
Q

Define the term: endodontics

A

the branch of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp

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22
Q

Define the term: exposure sequence

A

a defined order to place and expose intraoral receptors

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23
Q

Define the term: extraoral

A

outside the mouth

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24
Q

Define the term: extraoral image

A
  • an image that results when an image receptor is placed outside the mouth and is exposed to x-rays
  • used to examine large areas of the skull or jaws
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25
Q

Define the term: extraoral imaging

A

an inspection of large areas of the skull or jaws that requires the use of extraoral imaging receptors

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26
Q

extraoral receptor

A

an image receptor is placed outside the mouth to examine large areas of the skull or jaws

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27
Q

Define the term: full mouth series (FMX) / complete mouth series (CMS)

A

an intraoral series of dental images that show all of the tooth-bearing areas of the upper and lower jaws

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28
Q

Define the term: gag reflex / pharyngeal reflex

A

gagging that is elicited by stimulation of the sensitive tissues of the soft palate region

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29
Q

Define the term: gagging

A

the strong involuntary effort to vomit

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30
Q

Define the term: gutta percha

A

rubberlike material used in endodontic therapy to fill the pulp canals and pulp chamber (appears radiopaque)

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31
Q

Define the term: horizontal bite-wing

A

the bite-wing receptor is placed in the mouth with the long portion of the receptor in a horizontal direction

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32
Q

Define the term: image interpretation

A
  • an explanation of what is viewed on a dental image
  • the ability to read what is revealed by a dental image
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33
Q

Define the term: image receptor

A

a recording medium (ex: PSP plate, digital sensor)

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34
Q

Define the term: image receptor holder

A

a device used to hold an intraoral image receptor in the mouth and stabilize the receptor’s position during the exposure

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35
Q

Define the term: image receptor placement

A

the specific area where the image receptor must be positioned before exposure

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36
Q

Define the term: interproximal

A

between two adjacent surfaces

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37
Q

Define the term: interproximal examination

A

an intraoral inspection used to examine the crowns of both maxillary and mandibular teeth on a single image

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38
Q

Define the term: intraoral

A

inside the mouth

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39
Q

Define the term: intraoral image

A
  • an image the results when an image receptor is placed inside the mouth and exposed to x-rays
  • used to examine teeth
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40
Q

Define the term: intraoral imaging examination

A

a dental imaging inspection of teeth and intraoral adjacent structures

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41
Q

Define the term: intraoral receptor

A

an image receptor is placed inside the mouth during x-ray exposure to examine teeth and supporting structures

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42
Q

Define the term: digital imaging

A

a system of filmless imaging used to capture an image using a sensor, breaking it into electronic pieces, and presenting and storing the image using a computer

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43
Q

Define the term: lateral cephalometric projection

A

an extraoral image that is used to determine facial growth and development, trauma, disease, and developmental abnormalities

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44
Q

Define the term: lateral jaw projection- body of the mandible

A

an extraoral projection used to evaluate the posterior body of the mandible in order to evaluate impacted teeth, fractures, and lesions located in the body of the mandible

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45
Q

Define the term: lateral jaw projection- ramus of the mandible

A

an extraoral projection used to image the ramus of the mandible in order to evaluate impacted third molars, large lesions, and fractures that extend into the ramus of the mandible

46
Q

Define the term: localization techniques

A

method used to locate the position of a tooth or object in the jaws

47
Q

Define the term: mandible

A

the lower jaw

48
Q

Define the term: mandibular cross-sectional occlusal projection

A

a type of occlusal projection used to examine the buccal and lingual aspects of the mandible and locate foreign bodies in the floor of the mouth

49
Q

Define the term: mandibular pediatric occlusal projection

A

a type of occlusal projection used to examine the anterior teeth of the mandible in children aged 5 years or younger

50
Q

Define the term: mandibular teeth

A

teeth located in the mandible or lower arch

51
Q

Define the term: mandibular topographic occlusal projection

A

a type of occlusal projection used to examine the anterior teeth of the mandible

52
Q

Define the term: mandibular torus / torus mandibularis

A

a bony growth seen along the lingual aspect of the mandible

53
Q

Define the term: maxilla

A

the upper jaw

54
Q

Define the term: maxillary lateral occlusal projection

A

a type of occlusal projection used to examine the palatal roots of molar teeth and locate foreign bodies or lesions in the posterior maxilla

55
Q

Define the term: maxillary pediatric occlusal projection

A

a type of occlusal projection used to examine the anterior teeth of the maxilla used in children 5 years or younger

56
Q

Define the term: maxillary teeth

A

teeth located in the maxilla or upper arch

57
Q

Define the term: maxillary topographic occlusal projection

A

a type of occlusal projection used to examine the palate and anterior teeth of the maxilla

58
Q

Define the term: maxillary torus / torus palatinus

A

a nodular mass of bone along the midline of the hard palate

59
Q

Define the term: non-diagnostic image

A

an image that is not diagnostically accurate due to technique errors and must be retaken

60
Q

Define the term: occlusal examination

A

a type of intraoral examination used to inspect large areas of the maxilla or mandible in one image

61
Q

Define the term: occlusal receptor

A

an image receptor is placed intraorally so that the patient occludes on the receptor in order to examine large areas of the maxilla or mandible

62
Q

Define the term: occlusal technique

A

the method used to expose a receptor in occlusal examination

63
Q

Define the term: panoramic

A

a wide view

64
Q

Define the term: panoramic image

A

an image that shows the wide view of the maxilla and the mandible surrounding structures

65
Q

Define the term: panoramic imaging

A

an extraoral technique used to examine the upper and lower jaws on a single image

66
Q

Define the term: parallel

A

moving or lying in the same plane; always separated by the same distance and not intersecting

67
Q

Define the term: paralleling technique / extension cone paralleling (XCP) technique / right-angle technique / long-cone technique

A
  • an intraoral imaging technique used to expose periapical receptors, where the receptor is placed parallel to the long axis of the tooth, the central ray is directed perpendicular to the receptor and the long axis of the tooth
  • a beam alignment device must be used to keep the receptor parallel to the long axis to the tooth
68
Q

Define the term: pediatric patient

A

child patient

69
Q

Define the term: periapical

A

around the apex of a tooth

70
Q

Define the term: periapical examination

A

a type of intraoral imaging examination used to view the entire tooth (crown and root) and supporting bone

71
Q

Define the term: periapical image

A

intraoral image that is used to examine the crowns and roots of teeth

72
Q

Define the term: periapical receptor

A

an intraoral image receptor used to examine the entire tooth (crown and root) and supporting bone

73
Q

Define the term: perpendicular

A

intersecting at or forming right angles

74
Q

Define the term: physical disability

A

a physical impairment involving vision, hearing, or mobility

75
Q

Define the term: posterior

A

towards the back

76
Q

Define the term: posterior teeth

A

first and second premolars/bicuspids, and first, second and third molars

77
Q

Define the term: posteroanterior projection

A

an extraoral projection of the skull used to evaluate facial growth, trauma, diseases, and developmental abnormalities

78
Q

Define the term: psychogenic stimuli

A

stimuli originating from the mind

79
Q

Define the term: Reverse Towne projection

A

an extraoral projection used to identify fractures of the condylar neck or ramus area

80
Q

Define the term: right-angle technique

A

a localization technique in which the orientation of structures can be seen in two images (one periapical and one occlusal)

81
Q

Define the term: soft palate

A

the fleshy, movable posterior portion of the roof of the mouth separating the mouth and the phaynx

82
Q

Define the term: tactile stimuli

A

stimuli originating from touch

83
Q

Define the term: temporomandibular joint tomography

A

an extraoral imaging technique used to examine the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

84
Q

Define the term: three-dimensional digital imaging

A

an image that demonstrates structures in three dimensions

85
Q

Define the term: tomogram

A

an extraoral image used to examine the bony components of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

86
Q

Define the term: tooth-bearing areas

A

regions of the maxilla and mandible in which the 32 teeth of the human dentition are normally located

87
Q

Define the term: torus (plural: tori)

A

a bony growth in the oral cavity

88
Q

Define the term: transcranial projection

A

an extraoral projection used to evaluate the superior surface of the condyle and the articular eminence or to evaluate the movement of the condyle when the mouth is opened and to compare joint spaces

89
Q

Define the term: vertical

A

an up-and-down plane

90
Q

Define the term: vertical bite-wing

A

the bite-wing receptor is placed in the mouth with the long portion of the receptor in a vertical direction

91
Q

Define the term: Waters projection

A

an extraoral projection used to evaluate the maxillary sinus area

92
Q

List the three types of intraoral imaging examinations.

A
  • periapical examination
  • interproximal examination
  • occlusal examination
93
Q

List the two imaging techniques used to capture a periapical image.

A
  • paralleling technique
  • bisecting technique
94
Q

What imaging technique is used for occlusal examinations?

A

occlusal technique

95
Q

List examples of how to manage a patient with a hypersensitive gag reflex.

A
  • maintain a positive attitude
  • complete proper patient and equipment preparations before exposure
  • determine proper exposure sequence
  • determine proper image receptor placement and imaging technique
96
Q

What are the two precipitating factors that elicit the gag reflex?

A
  • psychogenic stimuli
  • tactile stimuli
97
Q

In order to prevent the gag reflex at the beginning of your exposure sequence, what area of the mouth should you begin?

A

anterior region

98
Q

Which image receptor placement area is most likely to elicit the gag reflex?

A

maxillary molars

99
Q

What is the possible solution to attain a diagnostic image on a patient with an extreme gag reflex and who cannot tolerate conventional imaging procedures?

A

extraoral imaging

100
Q

Why do edentulous patients still require dental imaging?

A
  • to detect the presence of root tips, impacted teeth, and lesions
  • to identify objects imbedded in bone
  • to establish the position of anatomic landmarks relative to the crest of the alveolar ridge
  • to observe the quality and quantity of the remaining bone
101
Q

What is the most common imaging technique used for edentulous patients?

A

panoramic imaging

102
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of a maxillary canine.

A
  • the entire crown and root, including the apex and surrounding structures
  • the interproximal alveolar bone and mesial contact of the canine

*the lingual cusp of the first premolar cannot obscure the distal contact of the canine

103
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of maxillary incisors.

A
  • the entire crowns and roots of all four maxillary incisors, including the apices and surrounding structures
  • the interproximal alveolar bone between the central incisors and the central and lateral incisors
104
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of a mandibular canine.

A
  • the entire crown and root, including the apex and surrounding structures
  • the interproximal alveolar bone and mesial and distal contacts of the canine
105
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of mandibular incisors.

A
  • the entire crowns and roots of all four mandibular incisors, including the apices and surrounding structures
  • the contacts between the central incisors and the central and lateral incisors
106
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of maxillary premolars.

A
  • the entire crowns and roots of the first and second premolar and first molar, including the apices, alveolar crests, contact areas, and surrounding structures
  • the distal contact of the maxillary canine
107
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of maxillary molars.

A
  • the entire crowns and roots of the first, second, and third molars, including the apices, alveolar crests, contact areas, tuberosity region, and surrounding structures
  • the distal contact of the maxillary second premolar
108
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of mandibular premolars.

A
  • the entire crowns and roots of the first and second premolars and the first molar, including the apices, alveolar crests, contact areas, and surrounding structures
  • the distal contact of the mandibular canine
109
Q

List the landmark requirements for a diagnostic image of mandibular molars.

A
  • the entire crowns and roots of the first, second, and third molars, including the apices, alveolar crests, contact areas, and surrounding structures
  • the distal contact of the mandibular second premolar
110
Q

When imaging anterior teeth, is the intraoral image receptor placed vertically or horizontally?

A

vertically

111
Q

When imaging posterior teeth, is the intraoral image receptor placed vertically or horizontally?

A

horizontally

DANB RHS Exam (new) (16 decks)

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