Chapter 16: Infection Prevention Flashcards
Infection Control and Prevention Measures for Digital Imaging
What products are used for an antiseptic hand wash?
water and antimicrobial soap (ex: chlorhexadine)
What instrument classification is the thyroid collar?
noncritical instrument
Define the term: sharps
any object that can penetrate skin, including, but not limited to, needles and scalpels
What products are used for a routine hand wash?
water and plain (non-antimicrobial) soap
What are the two direct routes of disease transmission that mainly occur in dental practices?
- direct contact with pathogens present in saliva, blood, respiratory secretions, or lesions
- direct contact with airborne contaminants preents in spatter or aerols of oral and respiratory fluids
Define the term: critical instrument
instruments that are used to penetrate soft tissue or bone and must be sterilized after each use
After exposure, what is recommended to clean and disinfect any contaminated surface areas in the operator?
intermediate-level disinfectant
Should proper hand hygiene be performed before or after donning gloves?
before
Should gloves be replaced if torn or ripped during a dental procedure?
yes
Define the term: disinfection
the act of disinfecting
Define the term: sterilization
the act of sterilizing
What instrument classification is the exposure button on the control panel?
noncritical instrument
What instrument classification is a beam alignment device?
semi-critical instrument
What instrument classification is the computer keyboard/mouse when using digital imaging?
noncritical instrument
What can be used on the digital sensor and PSP plate to help prevent infection transmission?
a barrier sleeve/envelope
What instrument classification is the position-indicating device?
noncritical instrument
List some examples of personal protective equipment that should be worn by dental professionals.
- protective eyeware
- gloves
- mask
- gown/lab jacket
List examples of critical instruments used in dental imaging.
There are no critical instruments used in dental imaging
Define the term: sterilize
the use of a physical or chemical procedure to destroy all pathogens, including highly resistant bacterial and fungal spores
Define the term: pathogen
a microorganism capable of causing disease
Define the term: intermediate-level disinfectants
- chemical germicides classified by the EPA as both “hospital disinfectants” and “tuberculocidals”
- recommended for all surfaces that have been contaminated
Define the term: asepsis
the absence of pathogens or disease-causing microorganisms
What is an indirect route of disease transmission that can occur in the dental practice?
indirect contact with contaminated objects or instruments
Define the term: bloodborne pathogens
microorganisms present in blood that cause disease in humans
What instrument classification is the x-ray tubehead?
noncritical instrument
What are the three classifications of dental instruments for infection prevention?
- critical instrument
- semicritical instrument
- noncritical instrument
What three conditions must be present in order for the transmission of pathogens to occur?
- a susceptible host
- a pathogen with sufficient infectivity and numbers to cause the infection
- a portal through which the pathogen may enter the host
What is infectious waste?
waste that consists of blood, blood products, and contaminated sharps. or other microbiologic products
What is the purpose of practicing proper respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette?
to limit the transmission of disease spread by respiratory pathogens via droplet or airborne route
What is considered a parenteral exposure?
contact with blood or other infectious materials that results from piercing or puncturing the skin barrier
Define the term: antiseptic
a substance that inhibits the growth of bacteria
What does the CDC recommend to clean and disinfect the digital sensor?
intermediate-level disinfectant
What products are used for an antiseptic hand rub?
alcohol-based product
Define the term: personal protective equipment (PPE)
equipment worn by dental professionals to protect themselves from hazards
What instrument classification is the digital sensor?
noncritical instrument
Define the term: high-level disinfectants
- chemicals classified by the EPA as “sterilants-disinfectants”
- used to disinfect heat-sensitive, semicritical dental instruments
What does it mean to “doff” your PPE?
the act of taking off your PPE
What does it mean to “don” your PPE?
the act of putting on your PPE
Define the term: hand hygiene
routine handwashing, antiseptic hand-wash, and antiseptic hand-rubbing techniques that prevent contamination
What is considered an exposure incident?
a specific incident involving contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from procedures performed by the dental professional
What instrument classification is the lead apron?
noncritical instrument
What is considered an occupational exposure?
contact with blood or other infectious materials involving the skin, eye, or mucous membranes that results from procedures performed by the dental professional
Define the term: semicritical instrument
instruments that contact but do not penetrate soft tissue or bone and must be sterilized after each use
Define the term: low-level disinfectants
- chemical germicides classified by the EPA as “hospital disinfectants”
- recommended for general housekeeping purposes
What are standard precautions?
measures that include a standard of care designed to protect health care personnel and patients from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other bodily fluid, excretion, or secretion
What is the primary purpose of infection prevention procedures in the dental practice?
to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases between two or more humans
Define the term: disinfect
to inhibit or destroy disease-causing microorganisms through use of a chemical or physical procedure
Define the term: noncritical instrument
instruments that do not come in contact with mucous membranes
