Chapter 34: Interpretation of Periodontal Disease Flashcards
Principles and Description of Periodontal Disease
Define the term: contact areas
the areas where adjacent tooth surfaces touch each other
List the three terms used to describe bone loss on an image.
- pattern
- distribution
- severity of loss
Define the term: incisal
the chewing edge of anterior teeth
Define the term: alveolar crest / crestal bone
- the most coronal portion of alveolar bone found between teeth
- composed of cortical bone (appears radiopaque)
Define the term: interproximal
between two adjacent surfaces
Define the term: horizontal bone loss
bone loss that occurs in a plane parallel to the cemento-enamel junction of adjacent teeth
Define the term: localized bone loss
bone loss that occurs in isolated areas
Define the term: dentition
the character of a set of teeth, including their number, kind, and location/arrangement
Define the term: radiopacity / radiodensity
an area on a dental image appearing radiopaque (light/white) due to resisting the passage of the x-ray beam and limiting the amount of x-rays that reach the image receptor
Define the term: anterior teeth
central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines/cuspids
Define the term: alveolar process
portion of the maxilla or mandible that encases and supports teeth
Define the term: periodontal abscess
a lesion that originates in a soft tissue pocket and is characterized by the accumulation of pus and destruction of bone (appears radiolucent)
Define the term: furcation area
the area between the roots of multi-rooted teeth
Define the term: posterior teeth
first and second premolars/bicuspids, and first, second and third molars
Define the term: occlusal
the chewing surfaces of posterior teeth
Define the term: interpret
to offer an explanation
Define the term: enamel
- the outermost layer of the crown of the tooth (appears radiopaque)
- the densest structure in the human body
Define the term: facial / labial
the tooth surface towards the cheek/lips on anterior teeth
List the two terms used to describe the pattern of bone loss on an image.
- horizontal bone loss
- vertical bone loss
Define the term: alveolar bone
bone of the maxilla and mandible that supports and encases the roots of teeth (appears radiopaque)
Define the term: open contacts
on a dental image, appears as a thin radiolucent line between adjacent tooth surfaces
Define the term: cervical / gingival
the tooth surface towards the gumline/cervical third area
Define the term: lingual
the tooth surface towards the tongue
Define the term: dentin
the tooth layer found between the enamel and surrounding the pulp cavity (appears radiopaque)
How does calculus appear on an image?
radiopaque
Define the term: image interpretation
- an explanation of what is viewed on a dental image
- the ability to read what is revealed by a dental image
Define the term: alveolar bone loss
a loss of bone that surrounds and supports teeth in the maxilla and mandible
Define the term: clinical attachment loss (CAL)
the measurement in millimeters of the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the case of the sulcus or periodontal pocket
Define the term: inter-radicular
between the roots of adjacent teeth
Define the term: lamina dura
the wall of the tooth socket that surrounds the root of a tooth (appears radiopaque)
Define the term: periodontium
specialized tissues that surround and support teeth, such as the gingiva, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone
Define the term: periodontal ligament space (PDL)
- a space that exists between the root of a tooth and the lamina dura (appears radiolucent)
- contains connective tissue fibers, blood vessels, and lymphatics
Define the term: calculus
a stone-like concretion that forms on the crowns and roots of teeth as a result of the calcification of bacterial plaque (appears radiopaque)
Define the term: maxillary teeth
teeth located in the maxilla or upper arch
Define the term: interpretation
an explanation
Define the term: cementum
calcified connective tissue that covers the outer root surface of the tooth
Define the term: overlapped contacts
on a dental image, the area where the contact area of one tooth is superimposed over the contact areas of an adjacent tooth
Define the term: mandibular teeth
teeth located in the mandible or lower arch
Define the term: periodontal
around a tooth
Define the term: radiolucency
an area on a dental image appears radiolucent ((dark/black) due to readily allowing the passage of the x-ray beam so that more x-rays reach the image receptor
Define the term: distal
the tooth surface away from the midline of the mouth
Define the term: dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)
the junction between the dentin and enamel of a tooth
Define the term: radiolucent
the portion of an image that is dark or black, due to the structure readily permitting the passage of the x-ray beam and allowing more x-rays to reach the image receptor
Define the term: mesial
the tooth surface towards the midline of the mouth
Define the term: intraoral
inside the mouth
Define the term: periodontal disease
a group of diseases that affect the tissues around teeth
Define the term: vertical bone loss / angular bone loss
bone loss that does not occur in a plane parallel to the cemento-enamel junctions of adjacent teeth
Define the term: radiopaque
the portion of an image that is light or white, due to the structure resisting the passage of the x-ray beam and limiting the amount of x-rays that reach the receptor
Define the term: buccal
the tooth surface towards the cheek on posterior teeth
List the two terms used to describe the distribution of bone loss on an image.
- localized bone loss
- generalized bone loss
Define the term: anterior
towards the front
What intraoral image is ideal for diagnosing periodontal disease?
periapical image
