Chapter 9.4.2 (Exam 2) Alcohol Fermentation

Question 1

In what cells does alcoholic fermentation occur?

Answer 1

Yeasts and some plant cells

Question 2

How many enzymes does alcoholic fermentation require? What are they used for?

Answer 2

Requires two enzymes to metabolize pyruvate into ethanol

Question 3

What is the chemical equation for alcoholic fermentation?

Answer 3

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 2 ADP + 2 P_i → 2 ethanol + 2 CO₂ + 2 ATP

Question 4

What is a real world application of alcoholic fermentation?

Answer 4

It is used to produce alcoholic beverages

Question 5

Which process provides more energy: cellular respiration or fermentation?

Answer 5

Glycolysis + fermentation = 2 ATP

Glycolysis + cellular respiration = 32 ATP

Question 6

Which is higher energy, a more reduced molecule or a more oxidized molecule?

Answer 6

More reduced = more energy

Question 7

Based on what you know about oxidized molecules, reduced molecules, and their corresponding energy levels, explain how cellular respiration produces more energy than fermentation.

Answer 7

Cellular respiration:
Products are fully oxidized, low energy, all of the energy went towards creating ATP

Fermentation:
Products are still somewhat reduced, relatively higher energy, less energy is put towards creating ATP

Question 8

Metabolic pathways don’t operate in isolation. How can they receive reactants for their reactions aside from prior reactions in the pathway?

Answer 8

Carbon skeletons can enter catabolic pathways or anabolic pathways

Sources of carbon skeletons: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins