Chapter 14.2.1 (Exam 3) Gene Expression

Question 1

What are the two steps in gene expression?

Answer 1

Transcription and Translation

Question 2

What is the “central dogma of molecular biology”?

Answer 2

The “central dogma of molecular biology” describes the ways in which information flows in a cell

DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into a polypeptide (protein)

Question 3

What are the three types of RNA involved in gene expression?

Answer 3

mRNA

rRNA

tRNA

Question 4

What is the role of mRNA in gene expression?

Answer 4

DNA is transcribed to a complementary mRNA

mRNA is translated into a polypeptide

Question 5

What is the role of rRNA in gene expression?

Answer 5

Ribosomes are made up of proteins and rRNA

rRNA catalyzes peptide bond formation

Question 6

What is the role of tRNA in gene expression?

Answer 6

Binds specific amino acids and recognizes specific sequences in mRNA

tRNA recognizes which amino acid should be added next to a growing polypeptide chain