Chapter 9.4.1 (Exam 2) Fermentation Flashcards
In the Absence of Oxygen, Some Energy Is Harvested from Glucose
What do eukaryotes do when O2 is scarce?
Without O2, some ATP can be made by glycolysis and fermentation
What are the two types of fermentation pathways?
lactic acid fermentation
alcohol fermentation
Where do fermentation and glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm
What 3 things happen in fermentation?
Glucose is only partially oxidized
2 ATP per glucose are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation
In all types, NAD+ is regenerated to keep glycolysis going
What is the electron acceptor and product of lactic acid fermentation?
Pyruvate is the electron acceptor; lactate is the product
What organisms does lactic acid fermentation occur in?
Microorganisms
Some complex organisms
Human cells
What enzyme catalyzes lactic acid fermentation?
Lactate dehydrogenase
What is the function of lactate dehydrogenase if O2 is present?
If O2 is present, it catalyzes oxidation of lactate to pyruvate
