Chapter 3.4.1 (Exam 1) Lipids and Triglycerides

Question 1

What are lipids?

Answer 1

Nonpolar hydrocarbons; insoluble in water

Question 2

What are the 7 types of lipids?

Answer 2

FLACPOS

Fats and oils

Lipid coating around nerves

Animal fats

Carotenoids and chlorophylls

Phospholipids

Oil and wax on skin, fur, and feathers

Steroids and modified fatty acids

Question 3

What is the function of fats and oils?

Answer 3

Storing energy

Question 4

What is the function of phospholipids?

Answer 4

Structural role in cell membranes

Question 5

What is the function of carotenoids and chlorophylls?

Answer 5

Capture light energy in plants

Question 6

What is the function of steroids and modified fatty acids?

Answer 6

hormones and vitamins

Question 7

What is the function of animal fats?

Answer 7

thermal insulation

Question 8

What is the function of lipid coating around nerves?

Answer 8

electrical insulation

Question 9

What is the function of oil and wax on skin, fur, and feathers?

Answer 9

Repel water

Slow evaporation

Question 10

Fats and oil are triglycerides. What are triglycerides?

Answer 10

Three fatty acids plus glycerol

(Nonpolar, oil and water don’t mix)

Question 11

What is a fatty acid?

Answer 11

Nonpolar hydrocarbon chain with an acidic polar carboxyl group

Question 12

How do the fatty acids bond with the glycerol in a triglyceride?

Answer 12

Carboxyls bond with hydroxyls of glycerol in ester linkages (condensation reactions)

Question 13

What is the chemical formula of glycerol?

Answer 13

C₃H₈O₃