Chapter 9 Unit Test/Quiz

Question 1

zygote is a

Answer 1

fertilized egg

Question 2

A zygote becomes an embryo after

Answer 2

2 weeks

Question 3

embryo

Answer 3

developing organism

Question 4

Embryo remains for

Answer 4

two months

Question 5

fetus

Answer 5

developing human organism

Question 6

human organism from 9 weeks after conception until

Answer 6

birth

Question 7

teratogens

Answer 7

chemicals/viruses may damage development

Question 8

fetal alcohol syndrome caused by

Answer 8

Pregnant mothers heavy drinking

Question 9

FAS may result in

Answer 9

Misproportions and symptoms

Question 10

habituation

Answer 10

decreasing response with repeated stimulation

Question 11

Habituation example

Answer 11

When infants are repeatedly exposed to visual stimuli they loose interest sooner

Question 12

maturation

Answer 12

changes in behavior

Question 13

maturation

Answer 13

is not impacted by experience

Question 14

cognition

Answer 14

mental activiies

Question 15

Cognition associates:

Answer 15

thinking,knowing,remembering and communication

Question 16

schema

Answer 16

concept that organizes/interprets info

Question 17

assimilation

Answer 17

interpreting new experiences based on our prior molds (schemas)

Question 18

accommodation

Answer 18

adjusting our schemas to incorporate new information

Question 19

sensorimotor stage developed by

Answer 19

Piaget

Question 20

sensorimotor stage

Answer 20

infants understand world in terms of impressions and motor activities

Question 21

object permanence

Answer 21

awareness that thing continue to exist even when not seen

Question 22

preoperational stage is found in

Answer 22

Piaget’s theory

Question 23

Preoperational stage occurs from

Answer 23

2-7 years of age

Question 24

Preoperation stage includes

Answer 24

children use language without comprehending mental operations/concrete logic

Question 25

conservation

Answer 25

properties: mass,volume, and number remain the same despite changes in objects- found in Piaget's theory

Question 26

conservation example:

Answer 26

amount of milk staying the same even in a different glass

Question 27

egocentrism

Answer 27

principle of Piaget's theory

Question 28

Egocentrism

Answer 28

difficulty perceiving things form another's point of view

Question 29

theory of mind created by

Answer 29

David Premack adn Guy Woodruff

Question 30

Theory of mind

Answer 30

Allows individuals to understand others mental states

Question 31

theory of mind example

Answer 31

understanding what made someone mad without direct statement

Question 32

Concrete operational stage

Answer 32

allow children to think logically regarding concrete events- (change in form doesn't mean change in quantity)

Question 33

Concrete operational stage occurs in

Answer 33

6-11 year olds

Question 34

formal operational stage

Answer 34

thinking logically regarding abstract concepts- (if this then that)

Question 35

formal operational stage begins at age

Answer 35

12

Question 36

stranger anxiety

Answer 36

fear of strangers

Question 37

stranger anxiety begins at

Answer 37

8 months

Question 38

attachment

Answer 38

Emotional tie resulting in closeness and distress

Question 39

critical period

Answer 39

Period after birth when exposure to stimuli produce proper development

Question 40

imprinting

Answer 40

certain animals form attachments during a critical period

Question 41

temperament

Answer 41

persons characteristic emotional reactivity/intensity

Question 42

basic trust

Answer 42

sense that world is predictable and reliable

Question 43

self-concept

Answer 43

understanding/evaluation of who we are

Question 44

permissive

Answer 44

parents submitting to childrens desires

Question 45

authoritative

Answer 45

demanding/responsive- enforce rules and explain

Question 46

authoritarian

Answer 46

impose rules and expect obedience

Question 47

gender

Answer 47

socially influenced characteristics by which people define male/female

Question 48

aggression

Answer 48

physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt another

Question 49

gender role

Answer 49

expectations for male/female

Question 50

role

Answer 50

set of norms about a social position

Question 51

x chromosome

Answer 51

found in men and women

Question 52

y chromosome

Answer 52

only found in males- when paired with a womans y chromosome produces a male child

Question 53

testosterone

Answer 53

stimulates growth of sex organs

Question 54

gender identity

Answer 54

sense of being male/female

Question 55

gender typing

Answer 55

traditionally a masculine/feminine role

Question 56

social learning theory

Answer 56

learn social behavior by observing/imitating and being rewarded or punished