Chapter 8 Reading Quiz! Flashcards
Motivation
Need or desire energizes or directs behavior
Instinct
Unlearned; complex behavior with fixed pattern in species
Drive-reduction theory
A psychological need creates and aroused state driving the organism to reduce the need
Tension state
a drive
Drive reduction theory
An animal Drinking- due to thirst
Homeostasis
Maintenance of a steady internal state
Incentive
Positive or negative stimulus that motivates behavior
Hierarchy of needs created by
Abraham Maslow
Hierarchy of needs
Priority of needs organized
Order or Hierarchy of needs
Bottom to top:
- Physiological needs
- Safety needs
- Belongingness and love needs
- Esteem needs
- Self-actualization needs
- Self Transcendence needs
Physiological needs
To satisfy hunger and thirst
Safety needs
- Love
- Acceptance
- Avoid loneliness/separation
Esteem needs
- Achievement
- Self esteem
- Recognition
- Respect
- Independence
Self-actualization
Need to live up to our fulllest and unique potential
Self-transcendence needs
Find meaning & identity beyond self
Glucose
Form of sugar found in blood
Glucose provides
A major source of energy for body tissues
Set point
How body restores weight by becoming hungry and lowering metabolic rates
Basal metabolic rate
Bodys resting rate of energy spending
anorexia nervosa
Eating disorder in which an individual diets to be underweight and starves continuously
bulimia nervosa
Eating disorder characterized by overeating followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting and excessive exercise
Binge-eating disorder
Significant episodes of overeating followed by distress, disgust or guilt
Sexual response cycle
Four stages of sexual responding
Sexual responding described as
Masters and Johnson
Sexual response cycle includes
Excitement, plateau, orgasm and resolution
Refractory period
Resting period after orgasm
During a refractory period men
cannot achieve another orgasm
estrogens are
sex hormones
testosterone is higher in
men
tesosterone stimulates males
growth of sex organs and developments during puberty
emotion
a response involivng physiological arousal, expressive behaviors and conscious experinece
James-Lang theory
Experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
Cannon-bard theory
Emotion arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion
two-factor theory or
Schachter-Singer
Two-factor theory
To experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal
Facial feedback
The effect of facial expressions intensifying the feeling of happiness/anger
Catharis
emotional release of aggressive energy through action or fantasy relieves aggressive urges
feel-good do-good phenomenon
peoples tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood
well-being
self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with lifeq
adaptation-level phenomenon
our tendency to form judgments of sounds, light or income do to a neutral from prior experience
relative deprivation
the sense we are worse of than others whom we compare ourselves
behavioral medicine
Field integrating behavioral and medical knowledge and applied to knowledge of health and disease
health psychology
provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine
stress
how we respond to certain events
general adaptations syndrome (GAS)
Concept of the body’s adaptive response tp stress
three phases of general adaptations syndrome
Alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Coronary heart disease
the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart mucscle
Coronary heart disease is
The leading cause of death in North America
Type A
Competitive, Hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, anger-prone people
Type B
Easy going relaxed people
Who came up with “Type A & Type B’?
Friedman and Rosenman
Psychophysiological illness
mind-body illness
Psychophysiological illness examples
hypertension ann headicase
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
Study of psychological, neural and endocrine processes affect immune system
lymphocytes
Two types of white blood cells, that are part of the immune system
