Chapter 6 Reading Quiz Prep

Question 1

classical conditioning

Answer 1

learning by linking multiple stimuli and anticipate events

Question 2

behaviorism

Answer 2

psychology is an objective science/ studies behavior without referencing mental processes

Question 3

unconditioned response

Answer 3

unlearned response to unconditioned stimulus- salvation when food is in the dogs mouth

Question 4

unconditioned stimulus

Answer 4

naturally and automatically triggers a response

Question 5

conditioned stimulus

Answer 5

classical conditioning- irrelevant stimulus that after association with unconditioned stimulus triggers a conditioned response

Question 6

cs

Answer 6

controlled stimulus

Question 7

cr

Answer 7

controlled response

Question 8

us

Answer 8

uncontrolled stimulus

Question 9

ur

Answer 9

uncontrolled response

Question 10

acquisition

Answer 10

strengthening of reinforced response

Question 11

extinction

Answer 11

lack of conditioned response

Question 12

spontaneous recovery

Answer 12

reappearance after a pause of an extinguished conditioned response

Question 13

generalization

Answer 13

tendency for controlled response for similar stimuli to elicit similar responses

Question 14

discrimination

Answer 14

learned ability to distinguish between a controlled and irrelevant simulus

Question 15

respondent behavior

Answer 15

automatic response to stimulus

Question 16

operant conditioning

Answer 16

actions associated with consequences

Question 17

shaping

Answer 17

procedure using rewards to guide actions to perform a behavior

Question 18

law of effect

Answer 18

behaviors followed by reward become more likely

Question 19

reinforcer

Answer 19

event strengthening a preceding response

Question 20

primary reinforcer

Answer 20

getting food when hungry; unlearned

Question 21

conditioned reinforcer

Answer 21

learned associations with primary reinforcers; if you know turning on a light brings food you will work to turn on the light

Question 22

positive reinforcement

Answer 22

stimulus when presented after strengthens response

Question 23

negative reinforcement

Answer 23

when removed after response, strengthens response.- no alarm will decrease hitting the snooze button or becoming more tired

Question 24

fixedp ration schedule

Answer 24

reinforces responses only after a specified number of responses

Question 25

partial reinforcement

Answer 25

intermittent;slower acquisition greater resistance to extinction

Question 26

continuous reinforcement

Answer 26

reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs

Question 27

variable-ratio schedule

Answer 27

reinforces responses after an unpredictable number of responses

Question 28

fixed-interval schedule

Answer 28

reinforces a response after a specified time period has occured

Question 29

variable-interval schedule

Answer 29

reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals

Question 30

cognitive map

Answer 30

mental representation

Question 31

latent learning

Answer 31

occurs but is not apparent until an incentive to demonstrate it

Question 32

insight

Answer 32

sudden and often realization of the solution to a problem

Question 33

intrinsic motivation

Answer 33

desire to perform behavior for own sake

Question 34

extrinsic motivation

Answer 34

desire to perform behavior to received promised awards or avoid punishment

Question 35

obervational learning

Answer 35

learning by observing others; social learning

Question 36

modeling

Answer 36

process of observing and imitating specific behavior

Question 37

mirror neurons may

Answer 37

enable imitation and empathy

Question 38

mirror neurons are

Answer 38

frontal lobe neurons

Question 39

mirror neurons fire

Answer 39

when performing certain actions or observing another doing so

Question 40

prosocial behavior

Answer 40

positive, constructive helpful behavior