Chapter 6 Reading Quiz Prep Flashcards

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1
Q

classical conditioning

A

learning by linking multiple stimuli and anticipate events

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2
Q

behaviorism

A

psychology is an objective science/ studies behavior without referencing mental processes

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3
Q

unconditioned response

A

unlearned response to unconditioned stimulus- salvation when food is in the dogs mouth

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4
Q

unconditioned stimulus

A

naturally and automatically triggers a response

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5
Q

conditioned stimulus

A

classical conditioning- irrelevant stimulus that after association with unconditioned stimulus triggers a conditioned response

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6
Q

cs

A

controlled stimulus

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7
Q

cr

A

controlled response

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8
Q

us

A

uncontrolled stimulus

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9
Q

ur

A

uncontrolled response

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10
Q

acquisition

A

strengthening of reinforced response

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11
Q

extinction

A

lack of conditioned response

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12
Q

spontaneous recovery

A

reappearance after a pause of an extinguished conditioned response

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13
Q

generalization

A

tendency for controlled response for similar stimuli to elicit similar responses

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14
Q

discrimination

A

learned ability to distinguish between a controlled and irrelevant simulus

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15
Q

respondent behavior

A

automatic response to stimulus

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16
Q

operant conditioning

A

actions associated with consequences

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17
Q

shaping

A

procedure using rewards to guide actions to perform a behavior

18
Q

law of effect

A

behaviors followed by reward become more likely

19
Q

reinforcer

A

event strengthening a preceding response

20
Q

primary reinforcer

A

getting food when hungry; unlearned

21
Q

conditioned reinforcer

A

learned associations with primary reinforcers; if you know turning on a light brings food you will work to turn on the light

22
Q

positive reinforcement

A

stimulus when presented after strengthens response

23
Q

negative reinforcement

A

when removed after response, strengthens response.- no alarm will decrease hitting the snooze button or becoming more tired

24
Q

fixedp ration schedule

A

reinforces responses only after a specified number of responses

25
Q

partial reinforcement

A

intermittent;slower acquisition greater resistance to extinction

26
Q

continuous reinforcement

A

reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs

27
Q

variable-ratio schedule

A

reinforces responses after an unpredictable number of responses

28
Q

fixed-interval schedule

A

reinforces a response after a specified time period has occured

29
Q

variable-interval schedule

A

reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals

30
Q

cognitive map

A

mental representation

31
Q

latent learning

A

occurs but is not apparent until an incentive to demonstrate it

32
Q

insight

A

sudden and often realization of the solution to a problem

33
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

desire to perform behavior for own sake

34
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

desire to perform behavior to received promised awards or avoid punishment

35
Q

obervational learning

A

learning by observing others; social learning

36
Q

modeling

A

process of observing and imitating specific behavior

37
Q

mirror neurons may

A

enable imitation and empathy

38
Q

mirror neurons are

A

frontal lobe neurons

39
Q

mirror neurons fire

A

when performing certain actions or observing another doing so

40
Q

prosocial behavior

A

positive, constructive helpful behavior