chapter 9 terms

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

experience of ones own mental events

Question 2

cognitive psychologists

Answer 2

look at the mind as a processor of information.

Question 3

Sequence of memory

Answer 3

sensory, attention, short term (working memory), encoding, Long-term memory

Question 4

Information-processing model

Answer 4

three types of memory stores

Question 5

control processes

Answer 5

attention, rehearsal, encoding, and retrieval

Question 6

sensory input

Answer 6

stays in your processing system

Question 7

sensory memory

Answer 7

through your 5 senses, first stage of memory

Question 8

short term memory

Answer 8

each item fades quickly, seven plus or minus (working memory)

Question 9

long term memory

Answer 9

stored representation of all that a person knows.

Question 10

attention

Answer 10

process that controls the flow of information from the sensory store into the short term store

Question 11

encoding

Answer 11

controls movement from the short term into the long term

Question 12

retrieval

Answer 12

long term to the short term

Question 13

effortful processes

Answer 13

requires effort to learn and retain

Question 14

automatic processes

Answer 14

require little or no thinking of the short terms stores limited capacity

Question 15

dual processing theories

Answer 15

two ways of processing; effortful and automatic

Question 16

stroop interference effect

Answer 16

cannot shut off the fast system even if it interferes with the right answer, the color and name test.

Question 17

Daniel kahneman

Answer 17

fast and slow thinking

Question 18

pre attentive processing

Answer 18

unconscious level analysis, assesses the importance of something,

Question 19

cocktail party phenomenon

Answer 19

ability to pick up important info while focusing on other information

Question 20

Daniel Gutman

Answer 20

selective viewing experiment

Question 21

auditory sensory memory

Answer 21

hearing, ECHOIC

Question 22

visual sensory memory

Answer 22

Iconic memory

Question 23

phonological loop

Answer 23

speech and sound component of working memory

Question 24

visopartial sketch pad

Answer 24

holding visual and spatial information (ie; putting a visual picture of a layout of trees when lost)

Question 25

digit span

Answer 25

number of digits a person can keep briefly

Question 26

executive function

Answer 26

basic and general processing, Ex card sorting test

Question 27

temporal lobe amnesia

Answer 27

Caused by head injury such as H.M., implicit memory will remain intact

Question 28

retrograde amnesia

Answer 28

the inability to recall or remember past experiences.

Question 29

explicit memory

Answer 29

conscious effort for all knowledge

Question 30

implicit memory

Answer 30

unconscious and effortless

Question 31

episodic memory

Answer 31

memory of ones own past, personal

Question 32

semantic memory

Answer 32

recollection of words, numbers, general knowledge. long term

Question 33

allan Collins and Elizabeth loftus created

Answer 33

a network model of memory organization

Question 34

procedural memory

Answer 34

is a type of long-term memory involved in the performance of different actions and skills.

Question 35

priming

Answer 35

using association to remember. Seeing yellow banana on bench, when you see a bench you’ll think of a banana

Question 36

infantile amnesia

Answer 36

childhood amnesia is the inability of human adults to remember episodic experiences

Question 37

maintenance rehearsal

Answer 37

the straight repeating of information to memorize it.

Question 38

encoding rehearsal

Answer 38

This method involved repeating information over and over again to keep it in the short-term memory

Question 39

elaboration rehearsal

Answer 39

Encoding by actively relating new information to knowledge that is already in memory (the better one)

Question 40

chunking

Answer 40

the process by which the brain divides significant details into more minor units

Question 41

constructing

Answer 41

a concept that exists not in objective reality, but as a result of human interaction.

Question 42

visualization

Answer 42

physical or imagining creation of images

Question 43

consolidation

Answer 43

the process where our brains convert short-term memories into long-term ones

Question 44

association by contiguity

Answer 44

we associate things that occur close to each other in time or space.

Question 45

association by similarity

Answer 45

the sensation or idea of a particular object tends to evoke the idea of something that is similar to it.

Question 46

schema

Answer 46

cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information.

Question 47

scripts

Answer 47

a sequence of expected behaviors for a given situation.

Question 48

prospective memory

Answer 48

the memory for intentions

Question 49

retrieval cue

Answer 49

stimuli that help people retrieve memories.

Question 50

short term memory span can be affected by

Answer 50

how fast you read the topic

Question 51

Working memory

Answer 51

Left hemisphere

Question 52

control processes govern

Answer 52

the processing of information within stores and the movement of information from one store to another.

Question 53

Manipulation of an individual’s ability to articulate the words to be remembered in the verbal short-term

Answer 53

interference

Question 54

What is the purpose of the information-processing model of the mind?

Answer 54

It serves as a general framework for thinking and talking about the mind.

Question 55

having false memories occur when persuaded enough and the results were that ____

Answer 55

25%

Question 56

stoop effect is due to

Answer 56

automatic nature of skilled reading

Question 57

Declan saw a piece of candy and remembered something what was the candy to him

Answer 57

retrieval cue

Question 58

temporal lobe damage causes what type of amnesia

Answer 58

retrograde