Chapter 5 questions Flashcards
What is an EEG
gross index of brain activity, averaging the activity of billions of neurons
timely bright fluorescent light does what?
makes a person sleepy
During rem sleep EEG waves resemble - waves, muscles become more- and breathing and heart rate becomes-
Beta, relaxed, more rapid
Q
Suprachiamsmatic nucleus is damaged, animals
fall asleep and wake up at random times
differences in body weight within a culture result mainly from different in- weight differences across cultures can be strongly affected by differences in-
genes, the environment
thirst is what state for a runner
motivational state
set of neurons in which activity constitutes a motivational state is called
central drive system
psychic blindness
objects no longer have any psychological significance
a feeling of being sad and upset may be labeled as — when its free floating as —- when it is associated with specific loss
depression, grief
Q
release of dopamine into the nucleus accumbens:
promotes long-term potential of neural connections in that area
circadian-clock experiments with humans, Charles czeisler found that:
having a few hours of bright, artificial light at night coupled with avoidance of natural light during the day could reverse subjects circadian clocks
Q
olds and Milner identified reward pathways in the brain by
testing rats in an apperatus in which the rats could electrically stimulate various areas of their own brains by pressing a lever
experiencing satisfaction after being praised by ones professor for a good class presentation would be identified as
liking
Q
stress and too much caffeine during exam week cause ___ to suffer from___ or inability to sleep
insomnia
liking refers to the ___ and wanting refers to the ____
feeling of satisfaction that occurs when one receives a reward: desire to obtain a reward
emotions are Important because they
motivate us and help us communicate
Q
the hormone might Daren be lacking if he can continuously eat without ever feeling full
leptin
motivational theories based on the idea of homeostasis attempt to explain drives in terms of
arousal response
hunger is an example of an____ and food is an example of the corresponding
drive, incentive
The EEG of a person who is awake and relaxed, with closed eyes, thinking of nothing in particular, will generally consist of ____ waves
alpha
Mei told her friend, Layla, to smile and be happy. According to Ekmans facial feedback theory of emotion
if Layla smiles more she will feel happier
Q
what is not the 3 components of reward
needing
Q
which theory predicts that a drug-induced increase in arousal will increase the intensity of the emotion felt in an emotion-inducing situation?
Schachter’s cognition-plus-feedback theory of emotion and James peripheral-feedback theory of emotion
According to the brain maintenance theory of REM sleep, the reason REM sleep occurs is to
regularly exercise groups of neurons in the brain
A lab rat received an injection of an appetite stimulator that causes it to start eating. The____ of the hypothalamus would be the most likely site of the injection
arcuate nucleus
whats the term for any biological change in a 24-cycle without external cues
circadian rhythm
what is not an incentive
homeostasis
all are incentives except
hunger
what is the necessary thing of sleep
body-restoration theory
the hypothalamus is the hub for the central drive system because it connects the
brainstem, limbic system, cerebral cortex, and endocrine system
what is the master center of appetite control and weight regulation
arcuate nucleus
Q
most dreams occur in what part of sleep
REM
After watching her child get yelled at, she punches the man what drive is this?
reproductive
What is not a name for the external stimulus toward which motivated behavior is directed
a motivator
what EEG in sleep is the same as one awake
REM
In circadian-clock experiements with humans, Charles czesler found that:
Having a few hours of bright, artificial light at night coupled with avoidance of natural light during the day could reverse subjects circadian clocks
where are increased stimulus of emotions located
left prefrontal cortex
all are examples of motivational states except
food
Rem sleep is what?
individuals spend increasing amounts of time in rem sleep with each sleep cycle during a night
leptin would be ineffective as anti-obesity drug because
the majority of obese people are not lacking leptin
what has provided strong evidence that endorphins are involved in the liking component
drugs increase the facial liking
which is not a name for the external stimulus toward which motivated behavior is directed
motivator
what is neuron pathway is involved with the wanting component
dopamine
what statement accurately describes transduction of smell
the terminals of olfactory sensory neurons contains receptor sites
