Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Jane and Roland are a married couple, who both hold away from-home jobs in addition to managing their house hold duties. If they’re typical of other such couples research results suggest that

A

Jane is happier with her away from home work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

____ is when a child understands that they themselves are one gender or the other and always will be

A

Gender identity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The cultural historian johan huizinga wrote about play in 1944 in which he contended that

A

Most of what society calls “high culture”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Some developmental researchers have argued that adult romantic love can be understood in terms of infant attachment in part because both involve

A

Physical affection and feelings of security in each others presence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In one study some mothers were trained to use firm but kind methods of discipline and others were not. Results showed

A

Friendlier and more cooperative by their teachers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which statement is not one of the contributing factors to the gender differences seen between boys and girls at an early age

A

Parents jostle their daughters more than they do their sons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

16 year old Elliot decides to steal a car in order to show off to his friends. How would Judith explain the adolescents engagement

A

It reflects Elliot’s desire to set himself apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Kelsey and Michael are playing in their backyard. Lev would argue

A

Practicing self discipline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lawrence kohlbergs methodology for studying moral reasoning was to

A

Present a story involving a moral dilemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

According to kohlbergs stage theory of moral reasoning, reaching the higher stages requires the ability to

A

Pass through all of the lower stages and discover their limitations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which statement is a research result that provides evidence for an innate human capacity to feel empathy and to act accordingly

A

Newborns will cry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Terrie Moffitt has suggested that the early onset of puberty and the delayed acceptance into legitimate adult society in modern culture may lead to:

A

unwanted side effect of adolescent recklessness and delinquency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which statement is NOT a central aspect of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development?

A

Higher stages of moral development involve a greater concern for personal relationships than do lower stages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Arnulf assists a world renowned artist, what is essential to his enjoyment of it

A

Work that is complex and varied

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In the strange situation test an infant is placed an unfamiliar room. Which best exemplifies behavior patterns

A

Infant explores the room when the mother is present, seems uneasy and explores less when she leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

It has been found that in age-graded school settings, children play _____. However, in neighborhood settings, or cultures that don’t have age-graded schools, children often play _____.

A

almost entirely with others who are about the same age as themselves; in groups with age spans of several years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A view that is prevalent in American culture is that male roles are superior to female roles. Which statement is NOT an actual observation that might be due to this view?

A

Young girls frequently attempt to fit into male roles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which statement would BEST explain why older people generally report higher life satisfaction than younger people?

A

Older people concentrate mostly on positive events in life and try to ignore negative ones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

With respect to the way people psychologically approach death, research supports the:

A

view that there is no universal approach to death.

20
Q

Which statement BEST expresses John Bowlby’s application of Darwinian logic to an understanding of social development?

A

Instinctive predispositions

21
Q

According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning, stage _____ focuses on consequences of rewards and punishment.

A

1

22
Q

Why have researchers proposed that marital happiness may depend even more on the husband’s capacity to adjust than the wife’s?

A

Success in a marriage may often depend on the husband’s willingness

23
Q

Emilio is beginning to spontaneously give toys and food to his parents. About how old is Emilio?

A

1

24
Q

According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, what happens as people grow older?

A

People grow less concerned with the future and are more focused on the present.

25
Q

When interpreting studies showing correlations between parental disciplinary styles and children’s behavior, it is important to acknowledge that the correlations:

A

could reflect the influence of the child’s behavioral style on the parent’s disciplinary style.

26
Q

Dalton and his parents go to a restaurant and dalton flings food. Which of Baumrind’s parenting styles are Dalton’s parents utilizing?

A

Permissive

27
Q

Children have been found to _____ the rules of social fantasy play, which _____ Vygotsky’s view of play.

A

Strictly enforce; supports

28
Q

Harry Harlow separated infant monkeys from their mothers and provided each with two surrogate mothers, one of wire and one of cloth.

A

Both groups became attached to the cloth mother

29
Q

Wilson and Daly’s view that “the young-male syndrome” helps explain adolescent recklessness and violence can be BEST reflected by the fact that risk acts are performed by adolescent males:

A

To gain status

30
Q

Rashid’s parents love him very much, are highly tolerant of his disruptive actions, and rarely exert any type of control over him. Baumrind would classify Rashid’s parents as:

A

Permissive

31
Q

Mackenzie’s attentive, responsive, emotionally sensitive behavior toward her infant promotes which type of attachment?

A

Secure attachment

32
Q

______ observed attachment behavior in young humans and _____ developed a systematic program of research on attachment.

A

Bowlby; Harlow

33
Q

The myth of invulnerability is associated with _____ and has been proposed as a partial explanation for _____ during this period.

A

adolescence; recklessness.

34
Q

Egocentric empathy is when a(n):

A

distressed person or infant looks to comfort itself

35
Q

The pair of concepts that are central to nearly all research and theory on adult development are:

A

Love and work

36
Q

A study of giving behavior in infants between the ages of 12 and 18 months revealed that they:

A

spontaneously gave toys to others.

37
Q

Studies of adolescent rebellion in North America consistently show that:

A

adolescent rebellion is usually directed at immediate forms of parental control over them.

38
Q

When both parents in a two-parent household work equal hours outside the home

A

the wife rates herself negatively

39
Q

The five stages that Elisabeth Kübler-Ross proposed when people learn they will soon die are denial, anger, _____, depression, and finally acceptance.

A

bargaining

40
Q

Angelina, a 1-year-old child, return. By this test Angelina’s attachment to her mother would be classified as:

A

secure

41
Q

Westerners might interpret !Kung and Efe infant care as overly indulgent because infants in those societies are:

A

in almost constant physical contact with the mothers or other caregivers.

42
Q

Researchers found that in _______ culture(s) studied, boys play mostly with boys and girls play mostly with girls. Through playing with others of their own sex, children________.

A

every; develop

43
Q

The replication of a previously learned behavior from a model, even when it is not the best solution to the problem, is:

A

overimitation

44
Q

Which type of human play has NOT been observed in every culture studied?

A

violent play.

45
Q

A set of fraternal twins, one could expect to see people:

A

play more actively with William and behave more gently toward Peggy.

46
Q

Harry is constantly worried that his romantic partner is being unfaithful. What kind of attachment style is this?

A

anxious