Chapter 9: Overview of Nutrition Diagnosis and Intervention

Question 1

Nutrition Care Process Model (NCPM)

Answer 1

The graphic representation of the nutrition care process

Question 2

Nutrition Care Process (NCP)

Answer 2

Standardized framework of professional activities for the provision of nutrition care established by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND).

Question 3

Nutrition Diagnosis

Answer 3

Identifying and describing a specific nutrition problem that can be resolved or improved through
treatment/nutrition intervention by a food and nutrition professional

Question 4

Nutrition Care Process Terminology (NCPT)

Answer 4

The standardized terminology used for the NCP to allow for standardized documentation.

Question 5

Nutrition Screening

Answer 5

A tool used to identify clients who are at nutrition risk and thus should be referred to the RDN for assessment of nutritional status.

Question 6

Electronic Health Record (EHR)

Answer 6

A digital version of a patient’s paper medical chart

Question 7

Comparative Standards

Answer 7

Criteria, or relevant norms and standards against which nutrition assessment data is compared with to identify nutrition problems

Question 8

Etiology

Answer 8

The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition.

Question 9

Problem, etiology, signs and symptoms (PES) statemtn

Answer 9

A clear statement documenting the nutrition diagnosis.

Question 10

Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix

Answer 10

A table that categorizes all nutrition diagnosis terms by all described etiology categories.

Question 11

Nutrition Prescription

Answer 11

A detailed description of the nutrient needs of that particular client.

Question 12

Evidence-based guidelines (EBGs)

Answer 12

Are developed by first conducting a systematic review and then using the conclusion of the systematic review to develop practice-based guidelines.

Question 13

Evidence-based nutrition practice guidelines (EBNPGs)

Answer 13

Disease- and condition-specific recommendations with corresponding toolkits. These include major recommendations, background information, and a reference list.

Question 14

Standards of Professional Performance (SOPPs)

Answer 14

Tools used by credentialed nutrition and dietetics practitioners for self-assessment, professional development and advancement of practice.

Question 15

The Joint Commission (TJC)

Answer 15

An accrediting body. The TJC survey teams evaluate health care institutions to determine the level of compliance with established minimum standards.

Question 16

Standards of Care

Answer 16

Provision of appropriate nutrition care in a timely and effective manner using an interdisciplinary approach.

Question 17

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)

Answer 17

Provides health coverage to more than 100 million people through Medicare, Medicaid, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, and the Health Insurance Marketplace. The CMS seeks to strengthen and modernize the Nation’s health care system, to provide access to high quality care and improved health at lower costs.

Question 18

Sentinel events

Answer 18

Unanticipated events that involve death, serious physical or psychologic injury, or the risk thereof.

Question 19

Problem-oriented medical records (POMR)

Answer 19

A format many facilities use for their medical record charting. The POMR is organized according to the client’s primary problems.

Question 20

Subjective, objective, assessment, plan (SOAP) note format

Answer 20

The SOAP note is a way for healthcare workers to document in a structured and organized way

Question 21

Assessment, diagnosis, interventions, monitoring, evaluation (ADIME) format

Answer 21

A way for healthcare workers to document in a structured and organized way.

Question 22

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Answer 22

A federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient’s consent or knowledge.

Question 23

Protected Health Information (PHI)

Answer 23

The term given to health data created, received, stored, or transmitted by HIPAA-covered entities and their business associates in relation to the provision of healthcare, healthcare operations and payment for healthcare services.

Question 24

Preferred-provider organizations (PPOs)

Answer 24

A type of health plan that contracts with medical providers, such as hospitals and doctors, to create a network of participating providers. You pay less if you use providers that belong to the plan’s network. You can use doctors, hospitals, and providers outside of the network for an additional cost.

Question 25

Managed-care organizations (MCOs)

Answer 25

Finance and deliver care through a contracted network of providers in exchange for a monthly premium, changing reimbursement from a fee-for-service system to one in which fiscal risk is borne by health care organizations and physicians

Question 26

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Answer 26

ACA uses several methods to improve access to health insurance including subsidies, state insurance exchanges, and assurance of coverage for preexisting conditions.

Question 27

Standards of Care

Answer 27

Set of recommendations serve as a guide for defining appropriate care for a client with a specific diagnosis or medical problem.

Question 28

Critical Pathways

Answer 28

Identify essential elements that should occur in the client’s care and define a timeframe in which each activity should occur to maximize client outcomes. AKA care maps.

Question 29

Disease Management

Answer 29

Designed to prevent a specific disease progression or exacerbation and to reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms and complications.

Question 30

Case Management

Answer 30

Process aimed at achieving client care goals in a cost-effective, efficient manner. It is an essential component in delivering care that provides a positive experience for the client, ensures optimal clinical outcomes, and uses resources wisely.

Question 31

Utilization Management

Answer 31

A system that strives for cost efficiency by eliminating or reducing unnecessary tests, procedures, and services.

Question 32

Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH)

Answer 32

Focuses on the relationship between the client and personal physician. The personal physician takes responsibility for coordinating health care for the client and coordinates and communicates with other providers as needed.

Question 33

People-Centered Care (PCC)

Answer 33

Individuals’ values and preferences are elicited and, once expressed, guide all aspects of their health care, supporting their realistic health and life goals. Person-centered care is achieved through a dynamic relationship among individuals, others who are important to them, and all relevant providers. This collaboration informs decision-making to the extent that the individual desires.

Question 34

Nutrition Prescription

Answer 34

Written by the RDN, designates the type, amount, and frequency of nutrition based on the individual’s disease process and disease management goals.

Question 35

Order-Writing Privileges (OWPs)

Answer 35

CMS in 2014 issued a rule that allows RDNs employed in hospitals to enter diet orders independently into a client’s health record, without requiring the supervision or approval of a physician or other practitioner. The process of obtaining ordering privileges requires medical staff or review board evaluation of each practitioner’s qualifications and demonstrated competency to perform these tasks.

Question 36

Room Service

Answer 36

Similar to hotel room service model; clients have complete freedom to choose what and when they will eat.

Question 37

Discharge Planning

Answer 37

Education, counseling, and mobilization of resources to provide home care and nutrition support are included in discharge procedures.

Question 38

Advance Directives

Answer 38

Client can advise family and health care team members of individual preferences with regard to end-of-life issues. Nutrition support should be continued as long as the client is competent to make this choice or as specified in the advance directive

Question 39

Palliative Care

Answer 39

Encourages the alleviation of physical symptoms, anxiety, and fear while attempting to maintain the client’s ability to function independently

Question 40

Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs)

Answer 40

Quality measures derived from outcomes reported by patients.