chapter 9 male repro Flashcards by Kelsea Hillebrant

bulbourethral glands

a pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra. They secrete fluid into the urethra. Also called Cowper glands.

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ejaculation

ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra

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ejaculatory duct

tube through which semen enters the male urethra

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epididymis

one of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes on top of each testis. It carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens.

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erectile dysfunction

inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence.

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flagellum

hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move).

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fraternal twins

two infants born of the same pregnancy from two separate egg cells fertilized by two different sperm cells.

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glans penis

sensitive tip of the penis.

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identical twins

two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. conjoined twins are incompletely separated identical twins.

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parenchyma

the essential distinctive cells of an organ. In the testis, the seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are the parenchymal tissues.

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penis

male external organ of reproduction

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perineum

external region between the anus and scrotum in the male

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prepuce

foreskin; fold of skin covering the tip of the penis.

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prostate gland

exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. The prostate secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation.

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scrotum

external sac that contains the testes.

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semen

spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions).

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seminal vesicles

paired sac-like male exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens.

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seminiferous tubules

narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes.

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spermatozoon

sperm cell

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sterilization

procedure that removes an individual’s ability to produce or release reproductive cells.

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stroma

supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma.

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testis

male gonad that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone.

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testosterone

hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics.

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vas deferens

narrow tube (one on each side) that carries sperm from the epididymis into the body and toward the urethra. Also called ductus deferens.

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andr/o

male

balan/o

penis

cry/o

cold

crypt/o

hidden

epididym/o

epididymis

gon/o

seed

hydr/o

water, fluid

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

testis, testicle

pen/o

penis

prostat/o

prostate gland

semin/i

semen, seed

terat/o

monster

test/o

testis, testicle

varic/o

varicose veins

vas/o

vessel, duct; vas deferens

zo/o

animal life

-genesis

formation

-one

hormone

-pexy

fixation, put in place

-stomy

new opening

carcinoma of the testes (testicular cancer)

malignant tumor of the testicles.

cryptorchidism; cryptorchism

undescended testicles

hydrocele

sac of clear fluid in the scrotum

testicular torsion

twisting of the spermatic cord

varicocele

enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

benign growth of cells within the prostate gland.

carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer)

malignant tumor of the prostate gland.

hypospadias; hypospadia

congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip.

phimosis

narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis.

sexually transmitted disease (STD)

infections transmitted by sexual or other genital contact. Also known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and venereal diseases.

chlamydial infection

bacterial invasion (by Chlamydia trachomatis) of the urethra and reproductive tract.

gonorrhea

inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria).

herpes genitalis

infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by the herpes simplex virus.

human papillomavirus (HPV) infection

infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus.

syphilis

chronic STD caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium).

PSA test

measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood.

semen analysis

microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid.

castration

surgical excision of testicles or ovaries.

circumcision

surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis.

digital rectal examination (DRE)

finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland.

photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP)

removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP)

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra.

vasectomy

bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens.