Chapter 22 Psychiatry Flashcards
affect
external expression of emotion, or emotional response
amnesia
loss of memory
anorexia nervosa
eating disorder with excessive dieting and refusal to maintain a normal body weight.
anxiety disorders
characterized by unpleasant tension, distress, and avoidance behavior; examples are panic disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder.
apathy
absence of emotions; lack of interest or emotional involvement.
autism
pervasive development disorder characterized by inhibited social interaction and communication and by restricted, repetitive behavior.
bipolar disorder
mood disorder with alternating periods of mania and depression
bulimia nervosa
eating disorder with binge eating followed by vomiting, purging, and depression.
cannabis
substance from which marijuana is made.
compulsion
uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly.
conversion disorder
condition marked by physical symptoms with no organic basis, appearing as a result of anxiety and unconscious inner conflict.
defense mechanism
unconscious technique (coping mechanism) a person uses to resolve or conceal conflicts and anxiety. It protects the individual against anxiety and stress; examples are acting out, denial, and repression.
delirium
confused thinking, disorientation, changes in alertness, difficulty paying attention, and fearfulness. This is usually a reversible impairment in thinking. Delirium tremens is associated with alcohol withdrawal.
delusion
fixed, false belief that cannot be changed by logical reasoning or evidence.
dementia
loss of intellectual abilities with impairment of memory, judgement, and reasoning as well as changes in personality.
depression
major mood disorder with chronic sadness, loss of energy, hopelessness, worry, and discouragement and, commonly, suicidal impulses and thoughts.
dissociative disorder
chronic or sudden disturbance in memory, identity, or consciousness; examples are multiple personality disorder, psychogenic disorders, amnesia, and fugue.
ego
central coordinating branch of the personality or mind.
fugue
flight from customary surroundings; dissociative disorder.
gender identity disorder
strong and persistent cross-gender identification with the opposite sex.
hallucination
false sensory perception (hearing voices and seeing things).
id
major unconscious part of the personality; energy from instinctual drives and desires.
labile
unstable; undergoing rapid emotional change.
mania
extreme excitement, hyperactive elation, and agitation.
mood disorders
prolonged emotion dominates a person’s life; examples or bipolar and depressive disorders.
mutism
nonreactive state with inability to speak (aphonia).
obsessive-compulsive disorder
anxiety disorder in which recurrent thoughts and repetitive acts dominate behavior.
paranoia
overly suspicious system of thinking; fixed delusions that one is being harassed, persecuted, or unfairly treated.
paraphilia
recurrent intense sexual urge, fantasy, or behavior that involves unusual objects, activities, or situations.
personality disorders
lifelong personality patterns marked by inflexibility and impairment of social functioning.
pervasive developmental disorders
group of childhood disorders characterized by delays in socialization and communication skills; autism and Asperger syndrome are examples.
phobia
irrational or disabling fear (avoidance) of an object or situation.
post-traumatic stress disorder
anxiety-related symptoms appear after personal experience of a traumatic event.
projective (personality) test
diagnostic personality test using unstructured stimuli to evoke responses that reflects aspects of an individual’s personality.