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medical terminology > chapter 8 female repro > Flashcards

chapter 8 female repro Flashcards

1
Q

adnexa uteri

A

fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments

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2
Q

amnion

A

innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

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3
Q

areola

A

dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

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4
Q

bartholin glands

A

small mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice (opening to outside of the body)

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5
Q

cervix

A

lower, neck-like portion of the uterus

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6
Q

chorion

A

outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo; it forms the fetal part of the placenta.

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7
Q

clitoris

A

organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra

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8
Q

coitus

A

sexual intercourse; copulation

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9
Q

corpus luteum

A

empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell; literally means yellow body

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10
Q

cul-de-sac

A

region in the lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus

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11
Q

embryo

A

stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

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12
Q

endometrium

A

inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus

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13
Q

estrogen

A

hormone produced by the ovaries; promotes female secondary sex characteristics

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14
Q

fallopian tube

A

one of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus.

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15
Q

fertilization

A

union of the sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops.

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16
Q

fetus

A

stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39 or 40 weeks.

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17
Q

fimbriae

A

finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

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18
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell (ovum)

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19
Q

gamete

A

male or female sexual reproductive cell; sperm cell or ovum

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20
Q

genitalia

A

reproductive organs; also called genitals

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21
Q

gestation

A

period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

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22
Q

gonad

A

female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

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23
Q

gynecology

A

study of the female reproductive organs including the breasts

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24
Q

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

A

hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating (-tropin) the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

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25
Q

hymen

A

mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina.

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26
Q

labia

A

lips of the vagina; labia majora are the larger, outermost lips, and labia minora are the smaller, inner most lips

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27
Q

lactiferous ducts

A

tubes that carry milk within the breast

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28
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

hormone produced by the pituitary gland; promotes ovulation

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29
Q

mammary papilla

A

nipple of the breast. a papilla is any small nipple-shaped projection.

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30
Q

menarche

A

beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce.

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31
Q

menopause

A

gradual ending of menstruation

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32
Q

menstruation

A

monthly shedding of the uterine lining. the flow of blood and tissue normally discharged during menstruation is called the menses

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33
Q

myometrium

A

muscle layer of the uterus

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34
Q

neonatology

A

branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn

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35
Q

obstetrics

A

branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth

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36
Q

orifice

A

opening

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37
Q

ovarian follicle

A

developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary. Only about 400 of these sacs mature in a woman’s lifetime.

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38
Q

ovary

A

one of a pair of female organs (gonads) on each side of the pelvis. Ovaries are almond-shaped, about the size of large walnuts, and produce egg cells (ova) and hormones.

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39
Q

ovulation

A

release of the ovum from the ovary

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40
Q

ovum

A

mature egg cell (female gamete). ova develop from immature egg cells called oocytes.

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41
Q

parturition

A

act of giving birth

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42
Q

perineum

A

in females, the area between the anus and the vagina

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43
Q

pituitary gland

A

endocrine gland at the base of the brain. It produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries

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44
Q

placenta

A

vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy. It serves as a communication between maternal and fetal bloodstreams.

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45
Q

pregnancy

A

condition in a female of having a developing embryo and fetus in her uterus for about 40 weeks.

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46
Q

progesterone

A

hormone produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of pregnant women.

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47
Q

puberty

A

point in the life cycle at which secondary sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced.

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48
Q

uterine serosa

A

outermost layer surrounding the uterus

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49
Q

uterus

A

hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop, and from which menstruation occurs. The upper portion is the fundus; the middle portion is the corpus; and the lowermost neck-like portion is the cervix.

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50
Q

vagina

A

muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body.

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51
Q

vulva

A

external female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice.

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52
Q

zygote

A

stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks.

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53
Q

amni/o

A

amnion

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54
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix, neck

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55
Q

chori/o

A

chorion

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56
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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57
Q

culd/o

A

cul-de-sac

58
Q

episi/o

A

vulva

59
Q

galact/o

A

milk

60
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

61
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus, womb

62
Q

lact/o

A

milk

63
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

64
Q

mast/o

A

breast

65
Q

men/o

A

menses, menstruation

66
Q

metr/o, metri/o

A

uterus

67
Q

my/o, myom/o

A

muscle, muscle tumor

68
Q

nat/i

A

birth

69
Q

obstetr/o

A

pregnancy and childbirth

70
Q

o/o

A

egg

71
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

72
Q

ov/o

A

egg

73
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

74
Q

ovul/o

A

egg

75
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

76
Q

phor/o

A

to bear

77
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tubes

78
Q

uter/o

A

uterus

79
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

80
Q

vulv/o

A

vulva

81
Q

-arche

A

beginning

82
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

83
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant

84
Q

-parous

A

bearing, bringing forth

85
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge

86
Q

-salpinx

A

fallopian (uterine) tube

87
Q

-tocia

A

labor, birth

88
Q

-version

A

act of turning

89
Q

dys-

A

painful

90
Q

endo-

A

within

91
Q

in-

A

in

92
Q

intra-

A

within

93
Q

multi-

A

many

94
Q

nulli-

A

no, not, none

95
Q

pre-

A

before

96
Q

primi-

A

first

97
Q

retro-

A

backward

98
Q

carcinoma of the cervix

A

malignant cells within the cervix (cervical cancer)

99
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix

100
Q

carcinoma of the endometrium

A

malignant tumor of the uterus (adenocarcinoma)

101
Q

endometriosis

A

endometrial tissue located outside the uterus

102
Q

fibroids

A

benign tumors in the uterus

103
Q

ovarian carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma)

104
Q

ovarian cysts

A

collections of fluid within a sac (cyst) in the ovary.

105
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervicitis.

106
Q

carcinoma of the breast (breast cancer)

A

malignant tumor of the breast (arising from milk glands and ducts).

107
Q

fibrocystic disease

A

numerous small sacs of fibrous connective tissue and fluid in the breast.

108
Q

abruptio placentae

A

premature separation of the implanted placenta

109
Q

choriocarcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the placenta

110
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location.

111
Q

multiple gestation

A

more than one fetus inside the uterus.

112
Q

placenta previa

A

implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus.

113
Q

preeclampsia

A

abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and headache.

114
Q

down syndrome

A

chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21) results in mental retardation, retarded growth, a flat face with a short nose, low-set ears, and slanted eyes.

115
Q

erythroblastosis fetalis

A

hemolytic disease in the newborn (HND) caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus.

116
Q

hyaline membrane disease

A

acute lung disease commonly seen in the premature newborn

117
Q

hydrocephalus

A

accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain.

118
Q

meconium aspiration syndrome

A

abnormal inhalation of meconium (first stool) produced by a fetus or newborn.

119
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum.

120
Q

pap test

A

microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix.

121
Q

pregnancy test

A

blood or urine test to detect the presence of hCG.

122
Q

hysterosalpingography (HSG)

A

x-ray imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material.

123
Q

mammography

A

x-ray imaging of the breast.

124
Q

breast ultrasound imaging and breast MRI

A

technologies using sound waves and magnetic waves to create images of breast tissue.

125
Q

pelvic ultrasonography

A

recording images of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the pelvic region.

126
Q

aspiration

A

withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction.

127
Q

cauterization

A

destruction of tissue by burning

128
Q

colposcopy

A

visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope.

129
Q

conization

A

removal of a cone-shaped section (cone biopsy) of the cervix.

130
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue.

131
Q

culdocentesis

A

needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac

132
Q

dilation and curettage

A

widening the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of the uterus.

133
Q

exenteration

A

removal of internal organs within a cavity

134
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope.

135
Q

tubal ligation

A

blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from occurring.

136
Q

abortion (AB)

A

spontaneous or induced termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus can exist on its own.

137
Q

amniocentesis

A

needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis

138
Q

cesarean section

A

surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus.

139
Q

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

A

sampling of placental tissues (chorionic villi) for prenatal diagnosis.

140
Q

fetal monitoring

A

continuous recording of the fetal heart rate and maternal uterine contractions to reduce fetal distress during labor.

141
Q

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

A

egg and sperm cells are combined outside the body in a laboratory dish (in vitro) to facilitate fertilization

142
Q

pelvimetry

A

measurement of the dimensions of the maternal pelvis.

medical terminology (18 decks)

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