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medical terminology > chapter 3 > Flashcards

chapter 3 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen

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2
Q

acr/o

A

extremities, top, extreme point

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3
Q

acu/o

A

sharp, severe, sudden

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4
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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5
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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6
Q

amni/o

A

amnion (sac surrounding the embryo in the uterus)

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7
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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8
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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9
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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10
Q

axill/o

A

armpit

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11
Q

bi/o

A

life

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12
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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13
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchial tubes

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14
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer

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15
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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16
Q

chem/o

A

drug, chemical

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17
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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18
Q

chron/o

A

time

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19
Q

col/o

A

colon

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20
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

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21
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

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22
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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23
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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24
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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25
Q

hydr/o

A

water, fluid

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26
Q

inguin/o

A

groin

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27
Q

isch/o

A

to hold back

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28
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen, abdominal wall

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29
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

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30
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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31
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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32
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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33
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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34
Q

morph/o

A

shape, form

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35
Q

muc/o

A

mucus

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36
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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37
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord, bone marrow

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38
Q

necr/o

A

death (of cells or whole body)

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39
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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40
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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41
Q

neutr/o

A

neutrophil (a white blood cell)

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42
Q

nucle/o

A

nucleus

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43
Q

opthalm/o

A

eye

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44
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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45
Q

ot/o

A

ear

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46
Q

path/o

A

disease

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47
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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48
Q

phag/o

A

to eat, swallow

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49
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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50
Q

plas/o

A

formation, development

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51
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura (membrane surrounding lungs and adjacent to chest wall)

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52
Q

pneumon/o

A

lungs

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53
Q

pulmon/o

A

lungs

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54
Q

radi/o

A

x-rays

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55
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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56
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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57
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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58
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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59
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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60
Q

staphyl/o

A

clusters

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61
Q

strept/o

A

twisted chains

62
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

63
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

64
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

65
Q

trache/o

A

trachea (windpipe)

66
Q

ven/o

A

vein

67
Q

-algia

A

pain

68
Q

-cele

A

hernia

69
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid

70
Q

-coccus

A

berry shaped bacterium

71
Q

-cyte

A

cell

72
Q

-dynia

A

pain

73
Q

-ectomy

A

excision, removal, resection

74
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

75
Q

-genesis

A

condition of producing, forming

76
Q

-gram

A

record

77
Q

-graph

A

instrument for recording

78
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

79
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

80
Q

-logy

A

study of

81
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown, destruction, separation

82
Q

-malacia

A

softening

83
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

84
Q

-oma

A

tumor, mass, collection of fluid

85
Q

-opsy

A

to view

86
Q

-osis

A

condition, usually abnormal

87
Q

-pathy

A

disease condition

88
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

89
Q

-phobia

A

fear

90
Q

-plasia

A

development, formation, growth

91
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

92
Q

-ptosis

A

falling, dropping, prolapse

93
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

94
Q

-scope

A

instrument for visual examination

95
Q

-scopy

A

process of visual examination

96
Q

-stasis

A

stopping, controlling

97
Q

-stomy

A

opening to form a mouth

98
Q

-therapy

A

treatment

99
Q

-tomy

A

incision, cutting into

100
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

101
Q

-er

A

one who

102
Q

-ia

A

condition

103
Q

-ist

A

specialist

104
Q

-ole

A

little, small

105
Q

-ule

A

little, small

106
Q

-um, -ium

A

structure, tissue

107
Q

-us

A

structure, substance

108
Q

-y

A

condition, process

109
Q

-ac, -iac

A

pertaining to

110
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

111
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

112
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

113
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

114
Q

-genic

A

pertaining to, producing, produced by

115
Q

-ic, -ical

A

pertaining to

116
Q

-oid

A

resembling

117
Q

-ose

A

pertaining to

118
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

119
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

120
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of an organ or the muscular wall of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it

121
Q

hiatal hernia

A

stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm.

122
Q

inguinal hernia

A

part of intestine protrudes downward into the groin region and commonly into the scrotal sac in the male.

123
Q

cystocele

A

part of the urinary bladder herniates through the vaginal wall as a result of weakness of the pelvic muscles.

124
Q

rectocele

A

protrusion of the rectum toward the vagina

125
Q

omphalocele

A

herniation of the intestines through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the navel occurring in infants at birth.

126
Q

amnion

A

sac that surrounds the embryo in the uterus

127
Q

streptococcus

A

berry shaped bacterium, grows in twisted chains.

128
Q

staphylococci

A

other berry shaped bacteria, grows in small clusters, like grapes.

129
Q

abscess

A

collection of puss, white blood cells, and protein that is present at the site of infection.

130
Q

MRSA

A

affects the skin, causing boils and abscesses.

131
Q

diplococci

A

berry shaped bacteria organized in pairs

132
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells

133
Q

hemoglobin

A

important protein in erythrocytes, carries the oxygen through the bloodstream

134
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells

135
Q

granulocytes

A

type of white blood cell, composed of eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils

136
Q

eosinophils

A

type of white blood cell, granules stain red with acidic stain, 3%

137
Q

basophils

A

type of white blood cell, granules stain blue with basic stain, less than 1%

138
Q

neutrophils

A

type of white blood cell, granules stain purple in neutral stain, important in fighting disease.50-60%

139
Q

phagocytes

A

engulf and digest bacteria

140
Q

agranulocytes (mononuclear leukocytes)

A

one large nucleus and only a few granules in cytoplasm. produced in bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. 2 types: lymphocytes and monocytes

141
Q

lymphocytes

A

fight disease by producing antibodies, thereby destroying foreign cells. 32%

142
Q

monocytes

A

engulf and destroy cellular debris after neutrophils have attacked foreign cells. 4%

143
Q

thrombocytes

A

clotting cells

144
Q

anemia

A

reduction in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin in the circulating blood.

145
Q

aplastic anemia

A

bone marrow fails to produce erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

146
Q

ischemia

A

to hold back blood from a part of the body

147
Q

acromegaly

A

endocrine disorder. occurs when the pituitary gland produces an excessive amount of growth hormone after the completion of puberty.

148
Q

achondroplasia

A

inherited disorder where the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size because of a defect in cartilage and bone. dwarfism.

149
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope.

150
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision into the trachea to open it below a blockage

151
Q

tracheostomy

A

opening into the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted.

152
Q

adenoids

A

small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of the pharynx near the nose and nasal passages

medical terminology (18 decks)

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