Chapter 9: Major Joints Flashcards
THE TMJ joint is formed by the:
- condylar process of the mandible
- mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
- the articular tubercle of the temporal bone
What movements is the inferior compartment of the TMJ responsible for?
Depression and elevation
What movements is the superior compartment of the TMJ responsible for?
Protraction, retraction, lateral displacement, slight rotation
What two bone parts create the shoulder joint (aka glenohumereral joint)
The head of the humerous and the glenoid cavity of the scapula
Where is the articular capsule found int he shoulder joint
It completely envelops the joint and extends from the glenoid cavity to the anatomical neck of the humerus
This is the strong broad ligament taht strengthens the superior part of the articular capsule and extends from the coracoid process of the scapula to the grater tubercle of the humerus
It strengthens the superior part of the articular capsule and reinforces the anterior aspect of the articular capsule
Coracohumeral ligament
Three thickenings of the articular capsule over the anterior surface of the joint that extend from the gloid cavity to the lesser tubercle and anatomical neck fo the humerus
play a role in joint stabilization when the humerus approaches or exceeds its limits of motion
glenohumoral ligaments
Where is the transverse humeral ligament found?
Stretches from the greater tubercle to the lesser tubercle fo the humerus; hold the head of the biceps muscle
This is a narrow rim of fibrocartilage around the edge of the glenoid cavity that slightly deepens and enlarges the glenoid cavity
glenoid labrium
What are the 4 bursae associated with the shoulder joint?
- subscapular bursae
- subdeltoid bursae
- subacromial bursa
- subcoracoid bursa
What 8 movements does the shoulder joint allow? It has more freedom of movement then any other joint in the body
flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation, and circumductionh
What provides most of the strength of the shoulder joint?
The rotator cuff muscles
Whatbone structures form the hinge elbow joint?
The trochlea and capitulum of the humerus; the troclear notch of the ulna and the head of the radius
What are the anterior attachment poiints for the elbow articular capsule?
The radial fossa and coronoid fossa of the humerous to the coronoid process of the ulna and the anular ligament of the radius
What are the posterior attachment poiints for the elbow articular capsule?
From the capitulum, olecranon fossa, and laterlal epicondyle fo the humerus
to the annular ligament of the radius, the olecranon of the ulna and teh uylna posterior to the radial notch
Describe the ulnar collateral ligament
thick, triangular ligaments extending from the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process and olecranon process of the ulna. Helps deepen the socket for the trcholea of the humerus
Describe the radial collateral ligament
Thick, triangular ligaments taht extends from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the anular ligament of the radius and the radial notch of the ulan
This is a strong band that encircles the head of the radius and holds the head of the radius in the radial notch of the ulna
Anular ligement of the radius
What movements does the hinge like elbow do
Flexion and extension
This joint is a ball and socket joint fromed by the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the hip bone
The hip/coxal joint
Anatomy of the articular capsule of the hip
- rim of the acetebulum to the neck of the femur
What makes the articular capsule of the hip one of the strongest structures in the body?
Thje accessory ligaments
The articular capsule consists of circular and longitudinal fibres
What is the name of the circular fibres of the hip articular capsule that for a collar around the neck of the femur
Zona orbicularis
What are the three accessory ligaments
iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments that reinforce the longitudinal fibres of the articular capsule
What is the ligament of the head of the femur?
A flat, triangular band that extends from the fossa of the acetebulum to the fovea capitis of the head of the femur and usually contains a small artery that supplies the head of the femur
7 hip movements
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, lateral rotation, medial rotation, circumduction of the thigh
3 joints within the synovial cavity at the knee??
- Lateral tibiofemoral joint between the lateral condyle of the femur, lateral condyle of the tibia and lateral meniscus
- Medialtibiofemoral joint between the medial condyle of the femur, medial condyle of the tibia and lateral meniscus
- Intermediate pattelofemoral joint between patella and patellar surface of the femur
What does teh ligamentous sheath surrounding the knee joint mostly consist of?
Mucles tendons and their expansions; some capsular fibers connecting the articular bones
Meidal and lateral patellar retinacula
Fused tendons of insertion of the quadriceps femoris muscle and th facia lata that strengthen the anterior surface of the joint
This ligament of the knee is a continuation of common tendon of insertion of quadriceps fermoris muscles that extends from the patella to the tibial tuberositity.
Patellar ligament
What separates the posterior surface of the patellar ligament from the synovial membrane of the joint?
Infrapatellar fat pad
Which ligament is attached to the medial condyle of the femur, the medial condyle of the tibia and attached the medial meniscus
The tibial collateral ligament
Which ligament is attached the lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral face of the head of the fibia?
The fibular collateral ligaments
