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A&P I & II > Chapter 9-Joints > Flashcards

Chapter 9-Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Movement away from the midline of the body

A

Abduction

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2
Q

A slightly movable joint, in which the articulating bony surfaces are separated by fibrous connective tissue or fibrocartilage to which both are attached; types are syndesmosis and symphysis

A

Amphiarthrosis

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3
Q

Inflammation of a joint

A

Arthritis

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4
Q

The study or description of joints

A

Arthrology

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5
Q

Surgical replacement of joints, for example, the hip and knee joints

A

Arthroplasty

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6
Q

A procedure for examining the interior of a joint, usually the knee, by inserting an arthroscope into a small incision; used to determine extent of damage, remove torn cartilage, repair cruciate ligaments, and obtain samples for analysis.

A

Arthroscopy

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7
Q

A joint or articulation

A

Arthrosis

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8
Q

Sleevelike structure around a synovial joint composed of a fibrous capsule and a synovial membrane

A

Articular capsule

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9
Q

Hyaline cartilage attached to articular bone surfaces

A

Articular cartilage

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10
Q

Fibrocartilage pad between articular surfaces of the bones of some synovial joints. Also called a meniscus

A

Articular disc

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11
Q

A joint; a point of contact between two bones, cartilage and bones, or teeth and bones

A

Articulation

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12
Q

A synovial joint in which the rounded surface of one bone moves within a cup-shaped depression or socket of another bone, as in the shoulder or hip joint. Also called a spheroid joint

A

Ball-and-socket joint

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13
Q

Inflammation of a bursa

A

Bursitis

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14
Q

A joint without a synovial (joint) cavity where the articulating bones are held tightly together by cartilage, allowing little or no movement

A

Cartilaginous joint

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15
Q

A movement at a synovial joint in which the distal end of a bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains relatively stable

A

Circumduction

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16
Q

A synovial joint structured so that an oval-shaped condyle of one bone fits into an elliptical cavity of another bone, permitting side-to-side and back-and-forth movements, such as the joint at the wrist between the radius and carpals. Also called an ellipsoidal joint

A

Condyloid joint

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17
Q

Movement in which a part of the body moves inferiorly

A

Depression

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18
Q

A freely moveable joint; types are gliding, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, and ball-and-socket

A

Diarthrosis

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19
Q

Displacement of a bone from a joint with tearing of ligaments, tendons, and articular capsules. Also called a luxation

A

Dislocation

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20
Q

Bending the foot in the direction of the dorsum (upper surface)

A

Dorsiflexion

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21
Q

Movement in which a part of the body moves superiorly

A

Elevation

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22
Q

The movement of the sole laterally at the ankle joint or of an atrioventricular valve into an atrium during ventricular contraction

A

Eversion

23
Q

An increase in the angle between two bones; restoring a body part to its anatomical position after flexion

A

Extension

24
Q

A joint that allows little or no movement, such as a suture or a syndesmosis

A

Fibrous joint

25
Q

Movement in which there is a decrease in the angle between two bones

A

Flexion

26
Q

A fibrous joint in which a cone-shaped peg fits into a socket

A

Gomphosis

27
Q

Hereditary condition associated with excessive uric acid in the blood; the acid crystallizes and deposits in joints, kidneys, and soft tissue

A

Gout

28
Q

A synovial joint in which a convex surface of one bone fits into a concave surface of another bone, such as the elbow, knee, ankle, and interphalangeal joints. Also called a ginglymus joint

A

Hinge joint

29
Q

Continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position, as in bending the head backward

A

Hyperextension

30
Q

The movement of the sole medially at the ankle joint

A

Inversion

31
Q

The study of the movement of body parts

A

Kinesiology

32
Q

Dense regular connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

A

Ligament

33
Q

A synovial joint in which a rounded, pointed, or conical surface of one bone articulates with a ring formed partly by another bone and partly by a ligament, as in the joint between the atlas and axis and between the proximal ends of the radius and ulna. Also called trochoid joint.

A

Pivot joint

34
Q

Bending the foot in the direction of the plantar surface (sole)

A

Plantar flexion

35
Q

A movement of the forearm in which the palm is turned posteriorly

A

Pronation

36
Q

The movement of the mandible or shoulder girdle forward on a plane parallel with the ground

A

Protraction

37
Q

The movement of a protracted part of the body posteriorly on a plane parallel to the ground, in pulling the lower jaw back in line with the upper jaw

A

Retraction

38
Q

Moving a bone around its own axis with no other movement

A

Rotation

39
Q

A synovial joint in which the articular surface of one bone is saddle-shaped and the articular surface of the other bone is shaped like the legs of the rider sitting in the saddle, as in the joint between the trapezium and the metacarpal of the thumb

A

Saddle joint

40
Q

A synovial joint where the humerus articulates with the scapula

A

Shoulder joint

41
Q

Forcible wrenching or twisting of a joint with partial rupture or other injury to its attachments without dislocation

A

Sprain

42
Q

A movement of the forearm in which the palm is turned anteriorly

A

Supination

43
Q

An immovable fibrous joint that joins skull bones

A

Suture

44
Q

A line of union. A slightly movable cartilaginous joint such as the pubic symphysis

A

Symphysis

45
Q

An immovable joint such as a suture, gomphosis, or synchondrosis

A

Synarthrosis

46
Q

A cartilaginous joint in which the connecting material is hyaline cartilage

A

Synchondrosis

47
Q

A slightly movable joint in which articulating bones are united by fibrous connective tissue

A

Syndesmosis

48
Q

A joint in which the dense fibrous connective tissue that unites bones at a suture has been replaced by bone, resulting in a complete fusion across the suture line

A

Synostosis

49
Q

The space between the articulating bones of a synovial joint, filled with synovial fluid. Also called a joint cavity

A

Synovial cavity

50
Q

Secretion of synovial membranes that lubricates joints and nourishes articular cartilage

A

Synovial fluid

51
Q

A fully movable or diarthrotic joint in which a synovial (joint) cavity is presented between the two articulating bones

A

Synovial joint

52
Q

The deeper of the two layers of the articular capsule of a synovial joint, composed of areolar connective tissue that secretes synovial fluid into the synovial (joint) cavity

A

Synovial membrane

53
Q

A tearing of an articular disc (meniscus) in the knee

A

Torn cartilage

A&P I & II (16 decks)

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