Chapter 9- innovation and change

Question 1

incremental change

Answer 1

a type of change that bends and adjusts existing ways to improve performance

Question 2

core values

Answer 2

beliefs and values shared by organization members

Question 3

unfreezing

Answer 3

the phase during which a situation is prepared for change

Question 4

core culture

Answer 4

the underlying values of the organization

Question 5

changing

Answer 5

the phase where a planned change actually takes place

Question 6

commercializing innovation

Answer 6

the process of turning new ideas into salable products

Question 7

socialization

Answer 7

the process through which new members learn the culture of an organization

Question 8

reverse innovation

Answer 8

recognition of the potential for valuable innovations to be launched from lower organizational levels and diverse locations, including emerging markets

Question 9

change leader

Answer 9

a person who tries to change the behavior of another person or social system

Question 10

strong cultures

Answer 10

social environments that are clear, well defined, and widely shared among members

Question 11

product innovations

Answer 11

changes that result in new or improved goods or services

Question 12

value-based mgt

Answer 12

a mgt technique that actively develops, communicates and enacts shared values

Question 13

social entrepreneurship

Answer 13

the pursuit of innovative ways to solve pressing social problems

Question 14

rational persuasion strategy

Answer 14

a mgt strategy that pursues change through empirical data and rational argument

Question 15

social innovation

Answer 15

business that is driven by a social conscience

Question 16

workplace spirituality

Answer 16

practices that create meaning and shared community among organizational members

Question 17

skunkworks

Answer 17

special creative units set free from the normal structure for the purpose of innovation

Question 18

business model innovations

Answer 18

changes that result in ways for firms to make money

Question 19

innovation

Answer 19

the process of taking a new idea and putting it into practice

Question 20

observable culture

Answer 20

the portion of an organization’s culture that you see and hear when walking around the organization

Question 21

green innovation or sustainable innovation

Answer 21

organizational changes that reduce the carbon footprint of a company or its products

Question 22

process innovations

Answer 22

changes that result in better ways of doing things

Question 23

refreezing

Answer 23

the phase at which change is stabalized

Question 24

force-coercion strategy

Answer 24

a mgt strategy that pursues change through formal authority and/or the use of rewards or punishments

Question 25

organizational culture

Answer 25

a system of shared beliefs and values guiding behavior

Question 26

transformational change

Answer 26

change that results in a major and comprehensive redirection of the organization

Question 27

shared power strategy

Answer 27

a mgt strategy that pursues change by participation in assessing change, needs, values and goals

Question 28

symbolic leader

Answer 28

a business leader who uses language and symbols and actions to establish and maintain a desired organizational culture