Chapter 9 Definitions (energetics)

Question 1

bioenergetics

Answer 1

energy and its metabolism by animals

Question 2

calorie

Answer 2

heat required to raise temp of 1g of water from 16.5C to 17.5C

Question 3

gross energy

Answer 3

the total heat of combustion, or energy released from breaking of all organic bonds in a sample

Question 4

digestible energy

Answer 4

amount of dietary gross energy not recovered from the feces of an animal and assumed to be digested and absorbed by the animal

Question 5

metabolizable energy

Answer 5

amount of dietary gross energy not recovered in feces, urine, and gasses excreted by an animal, and assumed to be used in metabolism of animal

Question 6

net energy

Answer 6

the amount of energy available for use to the animal after subtracting the heat increment from metabolizable energy. This energy is actually useable by the animal

Question 7

heat increment

Answer 7

increase in heat production of an animal associated with digestion, absorption, ad metabolism of food

Question 8

basal metabolic rate

Answer 8

amount of energy expended by an animal at rest in a thermoneutral environment, in a post-absorptive state, and neither gaining nor losing weight

Question 9

fasting heat production

Answer 9

amount of heat produced by a fasting animal; will be higher than basal metabolic rate b/c of the difficulty in measuring true basal metabolic rate due to animal activity (ruminants and monogastrics) and the heat of fermentation (ruminants)

Question 10

thermoneutral zone

Answer 10

environmental temps at which an individual animal does not need to actively regulate (ie expend additional energy) its body temp

Question 11

compensatory growth

Answer 11

moderate restriction of growth rate for a portion of the growth curve to encourage more efficient growth at a later stage of the growth curve