Chapter 11- ANF and toxins (Dec 1) Flashcards
____ is the most common ANF for monogastrics
Why?
fibre
cell walls= barriers to digestion
- effect feed passage rate
list 2 soluble fibres
they have an effect on ___ ___
- arabinoxylans
- beta-glucans
digesta viscosity
what are 3 ANF proteins?
- protease inhibitors
- lectins (hemagglutinins)
- antigenic proteins
protease inhibitors are mainly in:
- they are very ___, but can be eliminated by __ treatment
legumes, especially soybeans
stable
heat
describe the action of protease inhibitors as a trypsin inhibitor in soybeans
- have an effect on activation of zymogens:
- binds to protease –> unable to cleave peptide bond
- trypsin-inhibitor complex is excreted
- poor protein digestion
- pancreatic hypertrophy
Lectins can promote intestinal bacteria ____ and are unstable to ___
overgrowth
heat
explain how lectins work as anti-nutritional proteins
- bind sugars and oligosaccharides on membrane of animal cells –> causes cells to clump together
- reduce absorption rather than digestion
antigenic proteins elicit a ___ ___ ___ in the gut
- what does this cause?
humoral immune response
- can cause chronic hypersensitivity
what are the 3 types of phenolics that act as ANFs?
- Tannins
- Gossypol
- Sinapine
tannins are water ___, and can ____ proteins (decreases protein ___)
soluble
precipitate
digestibility
are tannins always water soluble?
no
usually water soluble, but at high-moisture anaerobic storage, tannins cross-link to each other and become insoluble
why would plants be bred to have high tannin content?
to minimize field losses to birds
- crop is then fed to ruminants
what foods are tannins found in?
faba beans, cottonseed, sorghum
what’s a human use of tannin?
use of egg whites in red wine making
gossypol is found in ____ and is toxic to ____
cottonseeds
non-ruminants
