Chapter 1-3 definitions Flashcards
non-ruminant herbivore
an animal with a simple stomach, but obtains energy and some nutrients through hindgut fermentation using microbes
monogastric
an animal that has a simple stomach
Essential (Indispensable) Nutrient
Elements or compounds required in the diet that cannot be synthesized by the animal
Ruminant
a mammal with a four-chambered stomach which uses microbial fermentation of plant material in a specialized chamber of the stomach (rumen) prior to digestion
carnivore
an animal that consumes animal tissue as the primary component of the diet
electrolyte
ions in body fluids that carry a charge and are involved in regulating osmotic, electrochemical, and acid-base balance in the body
omnivore
an animal that consumes a variety of food sources, including plant and animal tissues
absorption
passage of molecules from the lumen of the GI tract through the intestinal cells, into blood or lymph systems
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
combined content of all inorganic and organic substances contained in a liquid in molecular, ionized, or micro-granular suspended form
digestion
prep. of food within the GI tract for absorption through physical and chemical changes to particle (molecule) size and structure
Non-essential (dispensable) nutrients
nutrients that can be synthesized by the animal from dietary precursors
conditionally essential nutrient
essential in the diet only under certain conditions (eg lactation, gestation, rapid growth)
herbivore
an animal that consumes plant matter as the primary component of the diet
micronutrient
nutrient required by the animal in relatively small quantities
metabolic water
ie. water of oxidation
the water produced in the body as a byproduct of metabolic reactions
AKA water of oxidation
