Chapter 11- Anti-Nutritional Factors and Toxins (Nov 29)

Question 1

anti-nutritional factor (ANF)=

Answer 1

natural components of feedstuffs that interfere with the digestion, absorption, or utilization of nutrients/ energy

Question 2

toxin=

Answer 2

a harmful substance that’s produced by living things

Question 3

a toxin can alter a ___ reaction, ___ a harmful chemical reaction, increase/decrease the ___ of crucial chemicals inside the body, and disturb ___

Answer 3

metabolic

activate

concentration

health

Question 4

why do plants produce toxins?

Answer 4

to repel pests and animals

Question 5

why do fungi produce toxins?

Answer 5

to eliminate competition for food by other microbes or organisms

Question 6

poison=

Answer 6

any chemical that is harmful to health; can be organic or inorganic (includes toxins)

Question 7

contaminants=

Answer 7

material inadvertently included in a feed; may or may not be poisonous

Question 8

give some examples of contaminants

Answer 8

• toxic plants
• microbial toxins (bacteria/ fungi)
• drug residues
• pesticides
• pollutants

Question 9

5 symptoms of ANFs/ toxins

Answer 9

• growth rate problems
• reduction in animal vigor
• decreased fertility
• induced abortions
• birth defects

Question 10

____ are generally more tolerant of ANF and toxins

why?

Answer 10

ruminants

• many ANF/ toxins are metabolized by rumen microbes

Question 11

T/F

many plants have more than 1 ANF or toxin

Answer 11

true

Question 12

physiological response varies with ____ of plant, stage of ___, ___ of plant, ___ type, ___, and ___ species

Answer 12

species of plant

stage of life (some poisonous only during growing szn, vise versa)

part of plant

soil type (some plants can accumulate Se from soil)

processing (toxicity removed by drying/ heat treatment)

animal species