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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 9 A&P > Flashcards

Chapter 9 A&P Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for joint?

A

Articulation

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2
Q

What is a joint (articulation)?

A

Place of contact between bones, bone and cartilage, or bones and teeth

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3
Q

What is Arthrology?

Hint: Arthr

A

Scientific study of joints

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4
Q

What are the two ways joints are classified?

A

Structurally and Functionally

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of structural joints?

A

Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial

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6
Q

What are 3 types of functional joints?

A

Synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

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7
Q

-has no joint cavity
- held by dense connective tissue

A

Fibrous Joint

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8
Q
  • has no joint cavity
  • bones joined by cartilage
A

Cartilaginous Joint

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9
Q
  • fluid filled joint cavity
  • found where bones are attached by ligaments
A

Synovial Joint

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10
Q

The more stable a joint is, is it more or less mobile?

A

Less

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11
Q

What is Gomphoses?

A

Dentoalveolar “peg in a socket”

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12
Q

What is a tooth held in place by?

A

Periodontal membranes

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13
Q

What are sutures?

A

immobile fibrous joints

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14
Q

Where are sutures usually found?

A

Between certain bones of the skull

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15
Q

What joins by long strands of dense regular CT?

A

Syndesmoses

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16
Q

What is symphysis?

A

When two bones come together through fibrocartilage.

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17
Q

Which joint are freely mobile articulations?

A

Synovial Joints

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18
Q

What is the consistence of synovial fluid?

A

Viscous, oily substance

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19
Q

3 main functions of synovial fluid:

A
  1. Lubricates
  2. Nourishes and removes waste
  3. Shock absorber
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20
Q

What are Tendons?

A

Structure composed of dense regular CT

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21
Q

What attaches muscle to bone?

A

Tendons

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22
Q

What does Bursa do?

A

Alleviate friction resulting from body movements

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23
Q

What movement is gliding?

A

Two opposing surfaces sliding back and forth or side to side

24
Q

What are the 5 types of Angular Motion?

A

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Circumduction

25
Q

Decrease in angle:

A

Flexion

26
Q

Increase in angle:

A

Extension

27
Q

Away from midline:

A

Abduction

28
Q

Toward the midline:

A

Adduction

29
Q

Circular motion:

A

Circumduction

30
Q

What are 4 rotational movements?

A
  1. Lateral
  2. Medial
  3. Pronation
  4. Supination
31
Q

Turns anterior surface of femur or humerus laterally:

A

Lateral rotation

32
Q

Turns anterior surface of femur or humerus medially:

A

Medial rotation

33
Q

Medial rotation of forearm so palm of the hand faces down (posterior):

A

Pronation

34
Q

Lateral rotation of forearm so palm of the hand faces up (anterior):

Hint: holding a bowl of soup

A

Supination

35
Q

Is depression inferior or superior?

A

Inferior

36
Q

What is superior movement of a body part called?

Mandible when closing mouth

A

Elevation

37
Q

Which joint does dorsiflexion and plantar flexion associate with?

A

Ankle

38
Q

Inversion: sole turns…

A

medially

39
Q

Eversion: sole turns…

A

laterally

40
Q

What is the top and bottom picture portraying?

A

Protraction (top)
Retraction (bottom)

41
Q

Opposition is what movement?

A

Movement of thumb toward palmar tips of fingers at carpometacarpal joint

42
Q

Where is the Temporomandibular Joint? (TMJ)

A

Between the temple and mandible

43
Q

Where is the Acromioclavicular Joint?

A

Between Acromion process, scapula, and clavicle

44
Q

Where is the Glenohumeral Joint? (Humerus)

A

Between the glenoid space and the humerus

45
Q

What is another term for ankle joint?

A

Talocrural Joint

46
Q

What is an articular disc?

A

Thick pad of fibrocartilage

47
Q

How is a clavicle bound to a coronoid process?

A

Coracoclavicular ligament

48
Q

Where does most of the Glenohumeral joint strength come from?

A

Rotator Cuff Muscles

49
Q

What are the two articulations that make up the elbow joint?

A

Humeroulnar and Humeroradial

50
Q

What is the ligament of the elbow joint?

A

Anular Ligament

51
Q

What is the articulation between head of the femur and acetabulum of the os coxae?

A

Hip joint

52
Q

What is the purpose of the medial meniscus and lateral meniscus?

A

Act as cushioning between articular surfaces

53
Q

Where is the medial and lateral meniscus positioned?

A

On the condyles of tibia

54
Q

Which ligaments cross each other in an X?

A

Cruciate ligaments

55
Q

What limits anterior and posterior movement of femur on tibia?

A

Cruciate ligaments

56
Q

What are the 2 purposes of the anterior cruciate ligament? (ACL)

A
  1. Prevents hyperextension
  2. Prevents tibia moving too far anteriorly on the femur

Anatomy & Physiology (16 decks)

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