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Biology 105 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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0
Q

Form of human dwarfism caused by single dominant allele

A

Achondroplasia

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1
Q

Classes of blood determined by presence or absence of carbohydrates

A

ABO Blood groups

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2
Q

Alternative version of a gene

A

Allele

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3
Q

Individual who is heterozygous for a recessive disorder but does not show symptoms of the disorder

A

Carrier

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4
Q

Heritable feature that varies among individuals

A

Character

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5
Q

Basic principle that states that genes are located on chromosomes and their behavior is determined by patterns of inheritance

A

Chromosome theory of inheritance

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6
Q

Expression of two different alleles of a gene

A

Codominance

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7
Q

Cross-fertilization of two different varieties of an organism or species; also called hybridization

A

Cross

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8
Q

Genetic disease caused by recessive alleles that causes an extreme vulnerability to infection

A

Cystic fibrosis

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9
Q

Mating of individuals with two genetic loci

A

Dihybrid cross

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10
Q

Allele that determines the phenotype of a particular gene. The big letter

A

Dominant allele

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11
Q

First generation/ parents

A

F1 generation

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12
Q

Offspring of f1 generation

A

F2 generation

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13
Q

The study of heredity and inheritance

A

Genetics

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14
Q

Genetic makeup of an organism

A

Genotype

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15
Q

Inability of blood to clot. Disease caused by recessive allele

A

Hemophilia

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16
Q

Transformation of traits from one generation to the next

A

Heredity

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17
Q

Having two different alleles for a specific gene. One big letter one little letter

A

Heterozygous

18
Q

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene. Two big or two little letters

A

Homozygous

19
Q

Disease caused by dominant allele. Characterized by loss of nervous system and bodily control.

A

Huntington’s disease

20
Q

Offspring of parents of two different species

A

Hybrid

21
Q

Disease caused by high cholesterol in blood

A

Hypercholesterolemia

22
Q

The mating of close relatives

A

Inbreeding

23
Q

Inheritance where both phenotype are expressed. Ex: pink rose

A

Incomplete dominance

24
Q

Law that says each allele is selected independently

A

Law of independent assortment

25
Q

Law that says two alleles in a pair will split up into gametes during meiosis

A

Law of segregation

26
Q

Map of chromosomes showing relative position of genes

A

Linkage nap

27
Q

Genes that are located close together and usually inherited together

A

Linked genes

28
Q

Where gene is found on a chromosome

A

Locus (loci)

29
Q

Family tree diagram showing path of inheritance

A

Pedigree

30
Q

Parent individuals

A

P generation

31
Q

Expressed traits- what you can see

A

Phenotype

32
Q

Control of one or more phenotype by single gene

A

Pleiotropy

33
Q

Phenotype expressed by multiple genes

A

Polygenetic inheritance

34
Q

Diagram used to show percentage of random fertilization

A

Punnett square

35
Q

Allele that has no affect on phenotype in heterozygotes

A

Recessive allele

36
Q

Sex linked disorder that causes sight issues with respect to colors. Often in males occasionally in females

A

Colorblindness

37
Q

Probability of an event is the product of probabilities of separate events

A

Rule of multiplication

38
Q

gene located on a sex chromosome

A

Sex linked gene

39
Q

Disease where red blood cells take on irregular shapes and cause excess clogging

A

Sickle cell disease

40
Q

Mating an organism with an unknown genotype with a heterozygous one

A

Test cross

41
Q

Character found in organism inherited from parents

A

Trait

42
Q

Traits most commonly found in nature

A

Wild type traits

Biology 105 (17 decks)

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