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Biology 105 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

The theory that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells

A

Cell theory

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1
Q

A structure that connects animal cells to one another in a tissue

A

Cell Junction

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2
Q

Organelle found in plants that absorbs sunlight and uses it to power synthesis of sugars

A

Chloroplast

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3
Q

The combination of DNA and proteins that constitutes chromosomes

A

Chromatin

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4
Q

Gene carrying structure found in nucleus of eukaryotic cell and that is the main gene carrying structure of a prokaryotic cell

A

Chromosome

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5
Q

Membrane enclosed sack occupying most of the interior of a mature plant cell

A

Central vacuole

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6
Q

Folds on inner membrane of mitochondria

A

Crista

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7
Q

A meshwork a fine fibers in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell

A

Cytoskeleton

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8
Q

Everything inside eukaryotic cell between plasma membrane and nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

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9
Q

A network of organelles that partitions the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells into functional compartments

A

Endomembrane system

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10
Q

Facility in a cell that produces variety of molecules

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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11
Q

Microscope that focuses is electron beam through surface of specimen

A

Electron microscope (EM)

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12
Q

Substance in which cells of an animal tissue are embedded; consists of proteins and polysaccharides

A

Extracellular matrix

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13
Q

Cellular membrane structure depicting a cellular membrane as a mosaic of diverse protein molecules

A

Fluid Mosaic

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14
Q

Tiny sack in eukaryotic cells cytoplasm that engulfs nutrients

A

Food vacuole

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15
Q

Long appendage that propels protists through the water

A

Flagella

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16
Q

Short appendage that propels some protist through the water

A

Cilia

17
Q

Organelle that modifies ships and stores products of the endoplasmic reticulum

A

Golgi apparatus

18
Q

Sites in prokaryotic cell that traps light

A

Grana

19
Q

Microscope that refracts and bends visible light to magnify images

A

Light microscope (LM)

20
Q

Digestive organelle in eukaryotic cell

A

Lysosome

21
Q

Thickest of fibers making up cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cell

A

Microtubule

22
Q

Thick fluid within inner membrane of mitochondria

A

Matrix

23
Q

Organelle in eukaryotic cells were cellular respiration occurs and where ATP is made

A

Mitochondria

24
Q

Increase in apparent size of object

A

Magnification

25
Q

Genetic control center of eukaryotic cell

A

Nucleus

26
Q

Membrane surrounding nucleus and separating it from cell

A

nuclear envelope

27
Q

Structure with the nucleus of eukaryotic cell where RNA is made and assembled with proteins

A

Nucleolus

28
Q

Membrane-enclosed structure with specialized function in a eukaryotic cell

A

Organelle

29
Q

Thin layer of lipids and proteins that separates cell from surroundings

A

Plasma membrane

30
Q

Molecule with hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail that makes up membrane of cell

A

Phospholipid

31
Q

Double layer of phospholipids molecules

A

Phospholipid bilayer

32
Q

Cell that lacks organelles and nucleus

A

Prokaryotic cell

33
Q

Measure of clarity in image in a microscope

A

Resolving power

34
Q

Organelle consisting of RNA and protein that is the site of protein synthesis

A

Ribosome

35
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes. Constructs membrane

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

36
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum lacking ribosomes. Contains enzymes and synthesizes lipids

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

37
Q

Microscope that uses electron beam to study surface architecture of a cell

A

Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

38
Q

Microscope that uses electron beam to study internal structure of specimens

A

Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

39
Q

Tiny membrane sphere in the cell’s cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by cell

A

Transport vesicles

Biology 105 (17 decks)

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